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这一天 我走进了艾滋病区我的搜狐
2011年11月18日04:42 成都日报
三病区”，医生护士都这么称呼他们所在的科室，就像执行特殊任务的警察，用代号取缔了名字。“如果直接说是艾滋病区，很多人可能会感到恐惧。”成都市传染病医院一名行政工作人员对我说。
11月15日，在这个平常的工作日的早上，医院党办的小王带着我朝三病区走去。医院所在的静居寺路车水马龙，充满城市的喧嚣，但绕过医院门诊楼，抵近重症传染病区域时，却明显感觉到这里的清静，甚至清静得让人有些紧张。我问小王：“进入艾滋病区会不会容易被传染？”他说：“看来你像大多数人一样，太不了解艾滋病区！”突然，一种神秘笼罩在我的心上。
走入病房
那些病人 其实都很敏感
整个上午是三病区最忙碌的时候，这和大家熟悉的普通医院没有什么不同。护士们推着治疗车快速地走动着，就着微弱的光影，她们的身影映衬在病区走廊的景深中。不同的是，普通医院病房区域穿梭着很多家属，但这里除了清一色的白大褂，就没有别的。
护士长刘晓霞是小跑着出来接待我们的，首先，她将我带入了更衣间，拿出白大褂让我穿上，并叮嘱我一定要戴好口罩，“病区里住着50个病人，有12个病人同时伴有肺结核病，艾滋病人就是这样，免疫力下降，经常数病齐发，所以一定要做好保护。”
跟随刘晓霞，我进入了病区并走进了一间病房，此时，三病区的主任何盛华带着几个年轻医生正站在病人小谭的床前，她交代着小谭该做怎样的检查、用哪种药，身旁的医生们用笔记录着。他们全神贯注地说着，是小谭生疏的目光示意了他们有陌生人进来。虽然穿着白大褂，但似乎一眼就被看穿并不是个医生，于是，小谭原本笑着的面容迅速收拢，用一种奇怪的眼神打量着我，眼神中还透露出被揭开隐私般的不悦。何盛华似乎洞察到小谭的异样：“其实有很多人在关心你们，不要过于把自己封闭起来。”小谭听了后，情绪才慢慢转变。
“艾滋病人都这样的，他们特别敏感。”走出病房，何盛华对我说，绝大部分的艾滋病人在刚进医院的时候，对医生、护士都充满排斥与抵抗，经常有很激烈的情绪反应，“他们会在社会上受到歧视，抵抗与排斥是本能的自我保护，但当真正了解医生、护士后，他们觉得只有医生、护士是最关心他们的。因此，作为医生，我们不期望社会能给他们足够的关爱，只要能让他们得到平等的对待就行。”
那些医生 扮演着好几种角色
“医生，能不能找你说件事？”在快查完房的时候，一个病人叫住了何盛华，他的眼神里含着祈求，何盛华让大家先出去，她一个人留在了病房。出来后她告诉我说，这个病人是刚住进来的，他有工作单位，中午单位同事会来看他，“同事不知道他得的是艾滋病，他让我帮个忙，就说是得了肝炎，否则他不仅可能失去工作，而且还会失去朋友。”转述时，何盛华的话语中藏着几丝无奈，“艾滋病是通过血液和性传播的，尽管很多人知道，但仍会排斥这些病人。”她说，为了让病人得到平等的尊重与关怀，医生护士会和他们站在一条线上，会帮他们圆谎，“很多通过性传播患上艾滋病的人，他们本身就有很严重的负罪感，我们必须帮助他们好好地、有尊严地活着，这是我们的职责之一。”
何盛华说，医生、护士除了是一名圆谎者、心理疏导者，还是一名艾滋病的预防和拦截者，“圆谎是有条件的，他们必须同意将他们的妻子、发生过性关系或者有其他高危因素的人发动进行HIV检测。”而他们的另一重角色，就是要当辞世病人的送别者，“经常有重症艾滋病患者辞世，除了零星的几个家人，就是我们，我们是唯一向家属提供安慰的人。其实我们内心也承受着难以名状的压力。”
走进内心
这里的护士 时刻面临不为人知的风险
整个上午，每个护士几乎都是小跑着穿梭在病房间，这个时间段，要找一个护士说话是非常困难的，因为她们必须全神贯注地工作，否则很容易发生职业暴露，通俗地说，职业暴露就是医护人员在为艾滋病感染者进行治疗时发生被传染的危险。
“从2008年艾滋病专科成立到现在，已经发生了30多起职业暴露。”护士长刘晓霞说，每个护士平均每天的静脉输液穿刺量多达20至30次，稍不注意就可能刺破自己的手指，从而发生危险。阿梅就是最近发生职业暴露的护士，她的职业暴露发生在7月中旬，“当时病区住了60多个病人，同时有5个病人喊我，说液快输完了，这一忙，就出了差错。”她为一名病人拔针头时，针头不慎反弹回来扎在她手上，“针管里有混合了病人鲜血的液体。”她马上跑去冲洗伤口，然后去取阻断疾病传染的药吃。“回家没告诉父母，整个晚上没睡着，药物的副作用很大，整个人昏昏沉沉的，一直呕吐。”然而，最让阿梅难过的不是发生职业暴露，而是吃药后几天，她去取血化验，得知自己怀孕已一个多月，年近30岁的她一直想要个孩子，没想到却发生意外，不得不终止妊娠。说这儿，阿梅的泪水忍不住滚滚落下。
这里的病人和医护人员 都有他们的尊严
结束了一上午的工作，中午的艾滋病区是静谧的，病人们都安静地休息了。护士长刘晓霞说，安静的病区其实会让人感受到巨大的压力，“我敢保证，我们所承受的压力是普通医生难以想象的，更是普通人难以想象的。就在上周五，我们一个年轻医生才辞职了，她才来了三个月。”那名医生毕业于重庆医科大学，是医院好不容易招进来的，上周四晚，她跟一名姓王的老医生收治一个艾滋病患者，这个患者伴有重症肺炎，原本在一家综合性医院治疗，查血发现是艾滋病人，按照法律规定马上转到传染病医院，但病人却觉得他受到不公平对待，情绪非常狂躁，一直辱骂王医生。面对这样的患者，王医生不仅没生气，还不停安抚患者，可那名年轻医生却难以接受这样的事，第二天早上，就交了辞职报告。“她告诉我，在艾滋病区，时时遭到初来病人的辱骂，王医生竟如此忍辱负重，感觉在这里做医生没有尊严。”
除了医生，护士离开得更多，“有的辞职，有的是要求去其他病区。”为了解决这个问题，医院采取了护士轮岗制，干一年就轮走。何盛华说，真正留下来的医生、护士，都是和艾滋病区一起成长起来的人，“他们和艾滋病人相处久了就能理解病人，即便成为病人的发泄对象他们也能承受，因为他们知道，艾滋病人是特殊的病患群体，为他们提供最好的治疗和照顾，给他们尊严，才能体现艾滋病区医生、护士的价值，这才是我们真正的尊严。”
这里的压力很大 有被压垮的也有压不垮的
三病区以楼梯间为界，一边是住院治疗区，一边是清洁区，医护人员中午就在清洁区吃饭小憩。12：20，医护人员在更衣间脱下白大褂，摘掉口罩，换下鞋子到清洁区取了饭盒去食堂打饭。吃饭时，他们没有了紧张与严肃，相互间开着玩笑。看上去轻松，其实，不管是工作中还是生活中，他们都将压力抑制在了心里。
护士阿梅给我讲了一个发生在自己身上的故事。一次，她受邀去同学家吃饭，席间同学的父母问她从事什么工作，得知她在医院艾滋病区工作，气氛立刻变化。“同学说，她的父母让我不要再到她家去。”阿梅将头低下：“很多人不了解艾滋病，也不了解艾滋病区的医生、护士，认为我们就是一个传染源，会把病毒带给大家。”她说：“我在这里工作了几年，我发现我是热爱这份工作的，所以我一直不会被压力压垮。”
护士长刘晓霞还讲了另一个故事，一名护士一直没告诉家人自己在艾滋病区工作，后来还是被家人发现了。“她有个两岁的娃娃，自从知道她在艾滋病区工作，公公婆婆都不让她抱娃娃，即使让她抱，也要求她反复洗手。尽管内心很痛苦，但那名护士的工作却干得非常好。”
有压不垮的，也有被压垮的。院长温贤敏说，她曾亲自出面引进来的一名男医生，是名医学硕士，他到医院工作后，把母亲也带到成都生活，他的母亲在一个熟人家帮人带娃娃，他每周会和母亲见面吃饭。当那家人知道他在传染病医院工作后，便公开要求他不准再去。后来那名医生提出了辞职。
温贤敏说，其实多数的医生、护士还是能经受住压力的，每日在工作岗位上努力地干着。“从艾滋病专科2008年建立到现在，已经收治了1464例病人，这些病人不仅在这里延续着生命，更重要的是获得了爱与尊严，就这点，我对我们的医护人员感到自豪。”
记者手记
多一份理解和关怀 少一份误解和排斥
在整个社会关注艾滋病群体并对他们进行关怀和帮助的同时，我们了解到对艾滋病的防治手段，但却有所遗漏，遗漏了将关注的目光投向为艾滋病患者提供医疗服务的医护群体。正因如此，直到现在，传染病医院艾滋病区对大众来说才如此陌生，就像我走进这一神秘的的病区时，内心充满惶惑、疑虑和恐惧，全然不知道这里的医护人员们在高危、高压和为人不解的眼光中默默地付出着。
走出艾滋病区时我的心境变得有些沉重。我手里有一份去年出自省卫生厅的数据：我省检测报告艾滋病毒感染者和病人3.7万余例，其中艾滋病病人6841例，死亡4849例。在流行趋势分析中，“我省感染率呈上升趋势，以青少年为主，性传播上升明显，感染范围及人群正从高危人群向一般人群扩散。”这些数字和流行趋势告诉我们：艾滋病离我们其实很近，将有越来越多的人因此住进医院的艾滋病区。
所以，全社会对艾滋病的关注，除了疫情的发展、病人群体的关怀，还应有为艾滋病人提供医疗服务的那个群体。深入地了解他们，多给予他们一份理解和支持，少一份怀疑和排斥，多给他们鼓励与问候，少一份责难与压力，就足以让他们感到满足和幸福。
本报记者 邓晓洪 摄影 张鸣
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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艾滋病新鸡尾酒疗法 附 HIV感染者，早吃药早受益
That day I walked into my Sohu AIDS area
At 04:42 on November 18, 2011 Chengdu Daily
Three wards, "so called doctors and nurses are the sections where they like to perform special tasks of the police, with the code name banned." If that is the direct area of AIDS, many people may feel fear. "Chengdu Infectious Diseases Hospital administrative staff said to me.
November 15, in the usual weekday morning, hospital accounting computerization of Amy walked with me toward the three wards. Hospital, Temple Road, where the static home busy, full of hustle and bustle of the city, but around the hospital outpatient building, at or near the area of severe infectious diseases, they obviously feel the peace and quiet here, even the quiet people get nervous. I asked Amy: "into the AIDS area will likely be infected?" He said: "It seems that you like most people, did not understand AIDS area!" Suddenly, a mysterious shrouded in my heart.
Into the ward
In fact, those patients are very sensitive to
Throughout the morning is the busiest ward three times, and we know that a general hospital is no different. Nurses pushing the car to quickly move forward to treatment, on the faint light, shadow against the background of their depth in the ward corridor. The difference is that the regional general hospital wards shuttle a lot of families, but here in addition to all-white coat, there is no other.
Nursing Liu Xiaoxia is trotted out to receive us, first of all, she brought me a dressing room, I put out a white lab coat, and told I must wear a mask, "Ward is home to 50 patients, 12 patients were accompanied by tuberculosis, AIDS is such, decreased immunity, often several together and disease, they must be well protected. "
Follow Liu Xiaoxia, I entered the ward and into a ward, this time, the three wards with the director He Shenghua few young doctors are standing patient Xiao Tan's bed, her account of what to do with Xiao Tan check what kind of drug use, doctors use a pen next to record. They spoke with rapt attention, is Xiao Tan unfamiliar eyes indicate that they are strangers to come. Although wearing a white coat, but it seems a not a doctor was seen through, so, Xiao Tan's face had a smile quickly Shoulong, with a strange eyes looked at me, eyes also revealed not to be opened like privacy Wyatt. He Shenghua seems a strange insight into Xiao Tan: "In fact, many people care about you, do not be too close ourselves up." Xiao Tan listened to the mood slowly change.
"AIDS is like this, they are particularly sensitive." Out of the room, He Shenghua told me that the vast majority of AIDS in the first entered the hospital, the doctors and nurses are full of rejection and resistance, often have very intense emotions "They will be discriminated against in society, resistance and rejection is the instinct of self-protection, but a real understanding of doctors, nurses, they feel that only doctors and nurses are most concerned about them, so as a doctor, we do not expect society to give them adequate care, as long as it gave them equal treatment on the line. "
Several doctors who play a role
"Doctor, you can not find something?" Quick check in the finished room when a patient stopped He Shenghua, his mouth, his eyes to pray, He Shenghua so that we first went out, she was a person to stay in the ward. Came out she told me that the patient is coming in just to live, his work unit, co-workers would see him at noon, "the colleague did not know he had AIDS, he asked me a favor, said to be afflicted with hepatitis Otherwise, he may not only lose their jobs, but also lost a friend. "quoted when He Shenghua Jisi hidden words in frustration," AIDS is spread through blood and sex, though many people know, but will exclude these patients. "she said, in order to allow patients to receive equal respect and care, doctors and nurses and they will stand in a line, will help them Yuan Huang," A lot of suffering from AIDS through sexual transmission, they themselves have a very serious guilt sense, we must help them make good, live with dignity, which is one of our responsibilities. "
He Shenghua said, doctors, nurses, who in addition is a Yuan Huang, psychological counseling persons, or an AIDS prevention and the interceptor, "Yuan Huang is conditional, they must agree to their wives, had sex with, or have other high-risk factors were to launch an HIV test. "And their is another role, that is, when the death of the patient's farewell to those who," often critically ill AIDS patients died, in addition to a few scattered families that we, we are the only comfort to families people. In fact, our hearts also under unspeakable pressure. "
Into the heart
Here the nurses face the constant risk of unknown
Throughout the morning, almost every nurse ran the shuttle in the disease are small room, this time to find a nurse is very difficult to speak, because they have to concentrate to work, or are prone to occupational exposure, simple language, occupational exposure The health care is the treatment for HIV infection when the risk of being infected.
"AIDS specialist from 2008 to the present set up, has occurred more than 30 occupational exposure." Nurse says Liu Xiaoxia, each nurse an average daily volume of intravenous puncture up to 20 to 30 times, a little attention may be punctured their fingers, so dangerous. Amery is the most recent occupational exposure of nurses, occupational exposure in her mid-July, "Ward was living more than 60 patients, while five patients called me and said liquid quickly lose over this busy, went wrong. "She was a patient pull the needle, the needle accidentally bounced the bar in her hand," needle in the blood of patients with a mixture of the liquid. "She immediately ran to wash the wound, and then fetch block disease infection medicine to take. 'Home did not tell their parents, could not sleep the whole night, a great side effects of drugs, the person groggy, has been vomiting. "However, the most sad is not the place Mui occupational exposure, but a few days after taking medicine She pick up blood tests, that she was pregnant has been more than a month, nearly 30 years old, she always wanted a child, but did not expect the accident and had to terminate the pregnancy. Say, could not help the tears rolling down Mui.
Here patients and medical staff have their dignity
The end of a morning's work, noon AIDS area is quiet, the patients are quiet rest. Nurse says Liu Xiaoxia, quiet ward will actually make people feel tremendous pressure, "I can guarantee that our pressure is hard to imagine the general practitioner, it is difficult to imagine ordinary people. Just last Friday, We are a young doctor just resigned, she came three months. "doctor that graduated from the Chongqing Medical University, is not easy to recruit them to the hospital, on Thursday night, she and an old doctor named Wang admitted to a AIDS patients, the patients with severe pneumonia, the original treatment in a general hospital, blood is found in people with AIDS, infectious diseases in accordance with the law immediately to the hospital, but the patient feel he was treated unfairly, very manic mood, has been Dr. Wang abuse. Faced with such patients, Dr. Wang is not only not angry, but also in patients with non-stop comfort, but that young doctors are hard to accept such a thing the next morning, to pay a resignation. "She told me, in the AIDS area, and always have been the beginning to the patient's abuse, Dr. Wang really so bite the bullet, do the doctors feel there is no dignity here."
In addition to doctors, nurses leave more, "some resigned, some requirements to other wards." To solve this problem, the hospital nurses to take a rotation system, dry year round to go on. He Shenghua that really left to doctors, nurses, and AIDS area are people who grew up with, "They live a long time, and AIDS patients can understand, even if a patient's vent they can afford, because they know that AIDS is a special group of patients, providing them the best treatment and care, giving them dignity, in order to reflect the area of AIDS doctors, nurses value, this is our true dignity. "
There have been overwhelmed by a lot of pressure there are also Yabu Kua's
Three wards in the stairwell as the boundary, while the hospitalization area, while a clean area, health care workers in a clean area to eat at noon on the rest. 12:20, medical personnel took off his white coat in the locker room, take off the mask, replaced shoes to clean the area to take a lunch to the cafeteria Dafan. Eat when they no tension and serious, joking with each other. Looks easy, in fact, whether at work or in life, they will pressure suppression in the heart.
Ah nurse told me a story in themselves. Once, she invited the students to go home for dinner, during which the parents of the students asked her what kind of work, that she was in the hospital AIDS area of work, the atmosphere immediately changes. "Students say, I do not want her parents to her home and then go." Amery will head lower: "Many people do not understand AIDS, do not understand the area of AIDS doctors, nurses, that we are a source of infection, the virus us all. "She said:" I have been here a few years, I found that I love the job, so I have not been overwhelmed by the pressure. "
Nursing Liu Xiaoxia also tell another story, a nurse had never told his family that his work in the AIDS area, the family was still being discovered. "She has a two year old baby, since she knows the work in the AIDS area, elderly people do not let her hold the baby, even let her hold, and asked her to repeatedly wash their hands even though the heart is very painful, but the work of nurses, but dry very well. "
There Yabu Kua, also have been crushed. President of Wenxian Min said she had personally introduced to a male doctor, is the name of Master of Medicine, he went to the hospital after the mother to the Chengdu life, an acquaintance of his mother in the home to help people with a doll, every time he meet weekly and mother to eat. When that family knew he was infectious disease hospital, they are not allowed to publicly ask him to go. Later, doctors resignation.
Wenxian Min said, in fact, the majority of doctors, nurses or able to withstand the pressures of daily work in the workplace to dry with. "From the AIDS specialist established in 2008 to the present, the patient has been admitted to the 1464 cases, these patients not only in the continuation of life here, even more important to get the love and dignity, on this point, I am proud of our staff."
Reporter's notes
A little more understanding and care of a misunderstanding and rejection
Groups concerned about AIDS in the community and give them care and help at the same time, we learned that the means of AIDS prevention, but has been missing, missing the focus of attention on the provision of medical services for HIV patients in health care groups. For this reason, until now, AIDS Infectious Diseases Hospital District for the public is so strange, as I walked into this mysterious ward, the heart full of apprehension, uncertainty and fear, totally did not know where the medical staff who In high-risk, high-pressure and the eyes of man puzzled silence to pay the.
Out of the area of AIDS when I get a little heavy mood. I have a hand from the Provincial Health Department last year's data: test report in our province and patients living with HIV 3.7 million cases, including 6841 cases of AIDS patients, died 4849 cases. In trend analysis, "the province is rising infection rates, youth-oriented, sexually transmitted increased significantly, moving from infected areas and populations at high risk to the general population." These numbers and trends tell us: AIDS from In fact, we close, there will be more and more people have AIDS in hospital area.
Therefore, the whole society's attention on AIDS, in addition to the development of the epidemic, care for the patient groups, but also promising to provide medical services to people with AIDS that group. In-depth understanding of them, give them a more understanding and support and less suspicion and exclusion, to give them encouragement and greetings and less blame and pressure, enough to make them feel satisfied and happy.
The reporter Deng Xiaohong Zhang Ming Photography
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