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艾滋病的三大疑团
如谜一样的艾滋病困扰人类20余年，尽管鸡尾酒疗法面世后，艾滋病的治疗取得了非同寻常的进步，艾滋病魔仍旧恣意践踏人类的健康。随着研究的深入，人们不但没有解开艾滋病研究的谜团，反而使艾滋病谜团变得越来越大。也许，这正是艾滋病病毒逐步露出真正面貌的时候。
谜团之一
艾滋病病毒据说是最狡猾的病毒，它总是不断变异，改变表面蛋白以逃避免疫攻击。尽管如此，能感染人的艾滋病病毒只有3种亚型，分别为M、N和O三个亚型。可以说人类面对的就是这3个敌人，但是，法国科学家最近在Nature Medicine上发表最新的文章介绍，他们找到一个艾滋病的新变种。近期的Nature和Science发表专门文章进行了相关的报道。
鲁昂大学病毒学家在一名喀麦隆裔病人(女性)身上发现一种新的Ⅰ型HIV病毒亚型，它不同与上述的3种亚型病毒。这名62岁的女患者在巴黎突然发病，高烧、体重减轻，HIV抗体阳性，免疫细胞遭受破坏，但是却没有艾滋病的症状。研究人员在其体内没有分离到HIV病毒，却分离到类似SIV的病毒，这株病毒与SIV以及HIV都不同。
研究人员对该病毒进行基因组分析，发现这个病毒是个全新的亚型，目前被命名为P亚型。
研究人员表示，P型病毒可能起源于SIV(HIV的前体病毒，自然宿主为猩猩)，但究竟何时形成暂时不能界定。研究人员担心不久的将来可能出现新亚型艾滋病传播的可能。
谜团二
艾滋病疫苗研究可谓屡败屡战，屡战屡败……就人类历史上来说，这个疫苗恐怕是花费人力、物力和财力最多的课题之一。
当2007年最具潜力的艾滋病疫苗再度滑铁卢时，HIV又多了一个谜团，其他病毒疫苗设计能够成功，为何唯独这个疫苗如此难成功。与艾滋病病毒同属的马传贫病毒不也成功设计疫苗了吗!难道艾滋病疫苗真是难于上青天人。
最近两个研究小组发表了2007年艾滋病疫苗临床试验失败原因的分析文章(Nature Medicine)，仅仅揭开了艾滋病疫苗设计失败的冰山一角的，我们期望，艾滋病疫苗能在下一步取得成功。
谜团三
长久以来，约有20年的光景，科学家们都认为大猩猩是将艾滋病传播给人类的罪魁祸首，可以大猩猩却不患艾滋病。这个被人们笃信了20多年的信条，最近被打破了。
美国阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的Beatrice Hahn教授集了足够的数据证实SIV对猩猩的影响，这些数据为重新审视SIV与猩猩的关系提供了一手证据。原来，大猩猩不仅能感染艾滋病病毒，还会发病，发病后的死亡率也相当的高。相关成果文章发表在Nature上。
Three mysteries of AIDS
If the same mystery of AIDS afflicting humankind more than 20 years, despite the cocktail therapy available, the AIDS treatment has made extraordinary advances, AIDS continues to wantonly trampling demons human health. With the in-depth study, people not only failed to solve the mystery of AIDS research, but the mystery of AIDS has become bigger and bigger. Perhaps, this is to gradually expose the true face of HIV-time.
One of the mysteries
HIV virus is said to be the most cunning, it has always been variation, change the surface proteins to escape immune attack. However, people with HIV can infect only 3 subtypes, respectively, M, N, and O 3 subtypes. Can be said that human beings face is that these three enemies, however, French scientists published recently in Nature Medicine article describes the latest, they found a new variant of AIDS. Nature and Science published a recent article devoted to the relevant report.
Rouen University, a virologist at the Cameroon-born patients (female) who found a new type Ⅰ HIV virus subtype, it is different from the above-mentioned three kinds of subtypes. This 62-year-old female patient in Paris, a sudden onset, fever, weight loss, HIV antibody positive, the destruction of immune cells, but without AIDS symptoms. Researchers have not isolated in the body of HIV virus, SIV was isolated from a similar virus, this strain of virus and SIV and HIV are different.
The researchers analyzed the genome of the virus and found that the virus is a new subtype, is being named the P subtype.
The researchers said that, P-type virus may have originated in SIV (HIV precursor virus, the natural reservoir for the orangutan), but when the form is temporarily unable to define exactly. Researchers worry that the near future, a new subtype of HIV transmission may be possible.
Mystery 2
AIDS vaccine research can be said to keep on fighting and defeated every ... ... on the history of mankind, this vaccine is probably cost manpower, material and financial resources to the largest one of the topics.
When in 2007 the most promising AIDS vaccine, when the re-Waterloo, HIV welcomed a mystery, other virus vaccine design to be successful, why is so difficult to the success of the vaccine alone. With the AIDS virus belong to the same horse also successfully pass the poor design of the vaccine virus is not a do! Is an AIDS vaccine is really extremely difficult for people.
Recently two research groups published in 2007 HIV vaccine clinical trials, published an article analyzing the reasons for failure (Nature Medicine), just opened a failure of AIDS vaccine design tip of the iceberg, and we expect an AIDS vaccine can be successful in the next step.
Mystery 3
For a long time, about 20 years later, scientists believe that the gorilla is the chief culprit in the spread of AIDS to humans, can be gorilla is not AIDS. This has been the people believe in the tenets of more than 20 years, has recently been broken.
U.S. University of Alabama at Birmingham campus, Professor Beatrice Hahn collected enough data to confirm that the impact of SIV on the orangutan, these data to re-examine the relationship between SIV and the great apes provides first-hand evidence. It turned out that gorillas can not only infected with HIV, but also morbidity, mortality after onset is quite high. Related outcomes, published in Nature.
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