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研究称抗逆转录病毒药物对艾滋病有预防作用
2010年11月26日 10:20 来源：科技日报
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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一项新的研究发现，抗逆转录病毒药物或能在一定程度上降低艾滋病的感染风险和传播速度。相关研究11月24日在线发表在《新英格兰医学》杂志上。
美国亚特兰大市疾病预防控制中心的凯文·芬顿称：“这项研究可看作是艾滋病预防领域的一项重大进展。它第一次证明了定期服用药物可部分减少艾滋病在男同性恋和双性恋男性高危人群中的传播速度。”
负责这项研究的美国加州大学旧金山分校的罗伯特·格兰特和一个国际研究小组招募了2499名男同性恋和双性恋男性参与试验。这些艾滋病病毒检测呈阴性的志愿者分别来自美国、秘鲁、厄瓜多尔、南非、巴西和泰国。研究人员将其分为两组，一半被要求服用一种随机指定的安慰剂，另一半则服用含有两种抗逆转录病毒药物(恩曲他滨和替诺福韦)的药片。两组人员使用的药片在外形上并无明显区别。
在试验持续一年时间之后，共有100名参与者感染艾滋病。其中服用安慰剂的有64人，服用抗逆转录病毒药物的有36人。数据显示，与对照组相比，服药组感染率普遍较低，获得了理想的预防效果。
华盛顿大学流行病学专家康妮·塞勒姆说，这种预防性药物的试用试验不可避免地会存在一些风险，有些志愿者可能会认为他们受到了保护而更加无所顾忌，从而采取一些高危行为，因此必须通过健康辅导和一定的医疗服务来抵消此负面效应。当然，直接告诉志愿者“你们的药物可能是安慰剂”的方式或许更有效。
新的研究也证实了塞勒姆的说法。研究人员称，实际上在参与试验后志愿者中的高危行为的确有所减少，这可能是因为在整个试验期间都会免费发放安全套，并有健康辅导和定期的针对艾滋病病毒和其他性传播疾病的检测。
塞勒姆说：“在防治艾滋病的斗争中，目前不少人都把热情更多地集中在了药物预防上，但除此之外，健康咨询、知识普及以及一定的医疗服务也是不可或缺的。至少到目前为止，还没有哪一种单独的方法能在艾滋病的防治中起到压倒性的效果。”(王小龙)
Study says AIDS antiretroviral drugs have a preventive effect on
At 10:20 on November 26, 2010 Source: Science and Technology Daily
A new study found that antiretroviral drugs or to a certain extent, reduce the risk of HIV infection and spread. Research published online November 24 in the "New England Journal" magazine.
U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Kevin Fenton said: "This study can be seen as a major field of AIDS prevention progress. It was first demonstrated on a regular basis can be part of the reduction of AIDS drugs in the gay and bisexual Men love the speed the spread of high-risk groups. "
Responsible for the study of the University of California, San Francisco, Robert Grant, and an international research team recruited 2499 gay and bisexual men participating in the trial. The HIV test was negative volunteers from the United States, Peru, Ecuador, South Africa, Brazil and Thailand. The researchers divided into two groups, half were asked to use a randomly assigned placebo, the other half taking antiretroviral drugs containing two (emtricitabine and tenofovir) tablets. Tablets used in both groups there was no significant difference in appearance.
After the trial lasted a year, a total of 100 participants infected with HIV. Placebo, 64 of them were taking anti-retroviral drugs to 36 people. Data show that compared with the control group, medication group is generally low infection rate, access to the ideal preventive effect.
康妮塞勒姆 University of Washington epidemiologist, said that a trial of preventive medication trials inevitably there are some risks, some volunteers may think they are protected and more cynical, to take some risk behavior, it must be through health counseling and medical services to offset the negative effects. Of course, to tell volunteers, "Your drug may be a placebo," the approach may be more effective.
The new study also confirmed the Salem argument. The researchers said the test actually volunteer to participate in high-risk behavior has been reduced, this may be because throughout the trial period will be free distribution of condoms, and health counseling and regular for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases detection.
Salem said: "In the fight against AIDS, the current enthusiasm for a lot of people put more focus on drug prevention, but in addition, health counseling, literacy, and some medical services are also essential The. at least so far, no single method which can be played in AIDS prevention and treatment of overwhelming effect. "(Wang Xiaolong)
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