可积极控制艾滋病病毒的干细胞疗法及三种新抗体
作者: 来源:科学与发展网络 发布者: 亦云 类别:新闻扫描 日期: 2010-08-08 今日/总浏览: 36/57 |
在找到艾滋病疫苗或治愈方法方面失望多年以后，几个研究组已经报告了一些有希望的进展。
南加州大学的科学家Paula Cannon在7月2日的《自然—生物技术》（Nature Biotechnology）上描述了一种利用改造的干细胞控制艾滋病病毒感染的新方法。
她的研究组利用了来自人类干细胞的CCR5基因，该基因在正常情况下能让艾滋病病毒进入人类细胞。携带有该基因突变版本的人天然地可以抵御最常见的艾滋病病毒的感染。
他们用病毒感染了两组实验室小鼠：一组拥有经过修改的CCR5的细胞，另一组没有。
在经过12周之后，经过干细胞疗法治疗的小鼠可以抑制艾滋病病毒感染。
“我们如今证明了可以制造出抗艾滋病病毒的人类血干细胞——而且这些细胞生长并增殖，制造出了所有人类免疫细胞类型的‘女儿细胞’——这包括艾滋病病毒攻击的T细胞。”Cannon说。
“干细胞疗法令人激动之处在于它有可能成为一种‘一针’的疗法，因为干细胞可能在患者体内终身存在，持续制造这类抗艾滋病病毒的细胞……因此患者可以利用他们自己的细胞应对艾滋病病毒。” 她说。
与此同时，《科学》杂志发表的两份报告称发现了3种新的抗体，可以积极地对抗一大批艾滋病病毒毒株，其中两种抗体可以消灭90%以上的艾滋病毒株。
美国国立卫生研究院疫苗研究中心主任、其中一份报告的作者Gary J. Nabel说，这些发现为艾滋病疫苗的设计提供了重要的见解。
“对于艾滋病疫苗设计而言，我们使用这些抗体发现了疫苗要保留的蛋白质的部分，去除了不必要的部分，让免疫系统可以把重点放在相关结构上。”他说。
“这个分子生物学的进展很重要，”联合国艾滋病规划署哥伦比亚办事处主任Luis ángel Moreno Díaz说。但是他也指出，“在这些新技术能够进行人体试验之前，仍然缺乏一些步骤”。
根据全球艾滋病疫苗计划即将于2010年9月在美国亚特兰大举行的艾滋病疫苗会议上发布的一份题为《预防之路》的报告，自从1981年以来，艾滋病已经夺去了2500多万人的生命，每年新发感染270多万人。
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Can actively control the AIDS virus, stem cell therapy and three new antibodies
Study: Source: Science and Development Network Publisher: Yi Yun Category: News Scan Date: 2010-08-08 Today View / Total View: 36/57
Find an AIDS vaccine or cure in the methods of disappointing years later, several research groups have reported some promising progress.
Scientists at the University of Southern California Paula Cannon in July 2's "Nature - Biotechnology," (Nature Biotechnology) describe the transformation of stem cells by means of a control of HIV infection in new ways.
Her research group used human stem cells from the CCR5 gene, the gene that under normal circumstances allow HIV to enter human cells. Version of the gene carrying the mutation who naturally can withstand the most common HIV infection.
They used two groups of laboratory mice infected with the virus: one group has modified CCR5 cells, another group did not.
After 12 weeks, after stem cell therapy in mice to inhibit HIV infection.
"We have now proved possible to make anti-HIV human blood stem cells - the cells grow and proliferate, produce all types of human immune cells 'daughter cells' - which includes HIV attacks the T cells." Cannon said.
"Stem cell therapy is exciting is that it may be a 'one-pin' of the therapy, because the stem cells may exist in the patient's body for life, continue to make Zhelei anti-HIV cell ... ... so patients can use their own cell response to HIV. "she said.
At the same time, "Science" magazine published two reports that identified three kinds of new antibodies, can be active against a large number of HIV strains, including two antibodies can destroy more than 90% of HIV strains.
U.S. National Institutes of Health Vaccine Research Center, where the author of a report, said Gary J. Nabel, these findings for AIDS vaccine design provides important insights.
"For an AIDS vaccine design, we use these antibodies identified a protein vaccine to keep the part, removed unnecessary part of the immune system can focus on related structures." He said.
"The progress in molecular biology is very important," UNAIDS office in Colombia, said Luis ángel Moreno Díaz. But he also pointed out that "in these new technologies can be tested in humans before, it still lacks a number of steps."
According to the Global AIDS Vaccine forthcoming in September 2010 in Atlanta at the AIDS Vaccine conference report entitled "Prevention of the Road" reports, since 1981, AIDS has claimed the lives of more than 2,500 people each year more than 270 million new infections.
Author:
Source: Science and Development Network
Posted by: Yi Yun
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