超级真菌即将出现？
致命真菌耐药性飞速蔓延
超级细菌的风潮未过，人类又感到了新的威胁。最近科学家证实：某些能够引起致命感染的曲霉菌对目前的抗真菌药已有耐药性，而且这种耐药性正以惊人的速度蔓延。
美国曼彻斯特大学的研究人员使用了一种新的真菌检测技术。这种技术不仅有助于更准确地诊断曲霉菌感染，而且可以鉴别曲霉菌是否对唑类抗真菌药耐药，这种药物是常用的曲霉菌感染治疗用药。
这种新的实时检测技术采用分子生物学方法，不再需要漫长的培养皿培养过程。检测结果令人吃惊：55%的曲霉菌感染病人体内的病原菌表达唑类耐药标记物，而两年前的检测结果才仅仅是28%。
更严重的是，少数曲霉菌感染病人从未接受过唑类药物治疗，其体内的曲霉菌也表达唑类耐药标记物。这说明曲霉菌对唑类药物的耐药性已经广泛传播。
曲霉菌通常引起肺部感染，这会加重原有的哮喘症状。慢性肺部感染患者或化疗病人、艾滋病患者等免疫功能低下者感染曲霉菌可能有生命危险。
现在超过一半曲霉菌致病菌对唑类药物耐药，使这种风险大大增加。曲霉菌耐药性蔓延的原因可能有：农业生产中大量使用农药，农业生产所用农药中有三分之一是唑类杀真菌药；以及患者治疗过程中长期使用此类药物。
唑类杀真菌药是一种很常用的药物，强生公司的伊曲康唑、辉瑞公司的伏立康唑和默克公司的泊沙康唑三种药物每年的销售额共超过10亿美元。
因为以往的病原体培养检测技术落后，真菌对唑类药物耐药的情况无法查清。曼彻斯特大学的研究团队在2008年9月第一次使用耐药标记物检测方法确定真菌对唑类药物的耐药性。时隔两年，这个团队重复了这个过程。结果令人震惊：北欧、中国和美国地区，曲霉菌对唑类药物的耐药比例从28%剧增到了55%。
超级细菌之后，病菌在一次给人类敲响了警钟。人们有必要反思，抗真菌药物是否也有滥用现象？超级细菌之后，是否又现超级真菌呢？
来源：译言网
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
 |
| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
| |
|
|
Super fungi on the Horizon?
The rapid spread of deadly fungal resistance
The trend has not been super-bacteria, human and felt the new threats. Recently, scientists confirmed: some can cause fatal Aspergillus infection has on the current antifungal drug resistance, and this resistance is spreading at an alarming rate.
U.S. researchers at the University of Manchester using a new fungal detection technology. This technology not only contribute to more accurate diagnosis of aspergillosis, and Aspergillus can be identified whether the resistance to azoles antifungal agents, this drug is commonly used in treatment of aspergillus infection medication.
This new real-time detection using molecular biology methods, no longer need a long process of plate culture. Test results were surprising: 55% of patients with aspergillus infection of the pathogen in vivo expression of azole resistance markers, and the test results until two years ago, only 28%.
More seriously, a few patients with aspergillosis had never received azole therapy, the body also expressed Aspergillus azole drug resistance markers. This shows that Aspergillus on azole drug resistance has been widely disseminated.
Aspergillus usually cause lung infection, it would increase the existing asthma symptoms. Chronic pulmonary infection or chemotherapy patients, AIDS patients and other immunocompromised persons may have aspergillus infection life-threatening.
Now more than half of the Aspergillus pathogens to azole drug resistance, making the risk of greatly increased. Aspergillus may be due to the spread of drug resistance are: agricultural production, heavy use of pesticides, pesticides used in agricultural production and one-third of azole antifungal agents; and long-term treatment of patients using these drugs.
Azole antifungal drugs is a very commonly used drug, itraconazole Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer's voriconazole and posaconazole Merck's annual sales of three drugs were more than 1 billion U.S. dollars.
Because in the past pathogen detection technology behind the cultivation of fungi on the case of azole drug resistance can not be identified. University of Manchester research team in September 2008 the first use of markers of resistance to azoles determined fungal drug resistance. Two years later, the team repeated the process. The results were shocking: Northern Europe, China and the U.S., Aspergillus drug resistance to azoles increased from 28% to 55% surge.
Super bacteria, the bacteria in a wake-up call to mankind. People need to reflect on whether antifungal drug abuse phenomenon? After the super-bacteria, fungi, whether they are super it?
Source: Yeeyan
