宋圭武观点6：如何建设饮食文明

民以食为天，饮食是一门大学问，饮食文明事关民运国运，哲学家尼采说，理性源于厨房，社会需要大力建设饮食文明。

第一，在饮食上，我们应拓展道德的范围。我们应真正树立万物平等的理念。平等的理念，是产生平等道德的观念基础。如何平等，人不能把自身摆在高高在上于万物的位置，或认为比其它生命更有存在的优越性，或把自身看成是万物的主宰，应认为人自身也是万物中平等的一员，是大自然万物链条中的一个普通环节，没有特殊性。

第二，要坚持节俭原则。所谓节俭，就是在满足自身合理消费水平的基础上，对自然的消耗应尽可能少。从个人方面看，注重饮食的节俭和节制，不过量，也是对自身生命的负责。古人云：“纵口欲而百病生。”从自然方面看，尽可能的在消费中不浪费，也是对动植物生命存在价值的尊重。比如，在我国西藏，人们规定在屠宰一只动物(比如牦牛)时，必须把每一部分都利用好，从牛骨到牛的眼睛，什么也不能浪费，你必须将它的每一寸吃干净，认为这才是对一个生命的真正尊重。从家庭社会国家方面看，节俭有助于家庭和社会和谐，有助于民族兴盛。唐代诗人李商隐的在《咏史》中就写道：“历览前贤国与家，成由勤俭败由奢。”

第三，要坚持最小痛苦原则。也就是说我们在消费对象或吃动植物的时候，应让消费对象或所吃的动植物有最小的痛苦。饮食过程是一种人获取生命的过程，同时，也是一种消耗别的生命的过程。在这个过程中，我们也要想到，动植物也是有生命的，而且其生命也来之不易，也生之艰难。虽然我们不得不消费它，但我们应尽可能让对方少一些痛苦，少一些折磨，这既是一种积德行为，也是一种理性行为。

第三，要坚持卫生原则。一定要注意饮食卫生。

第四，要坚持边际消费原则。所谓边际消费原则，就是先消费大自然供给数量比较多的，对大自然供给数量比较少的，要少消费，对珍稀野生动植物，应严禁消费。

第五，要坚持自然绿色原则。要多吃从大自然中直接得来的产品，要少食人工技术加工或后天生成的产品。

大国崛起，需要从饮食抓起。建议国家在饮食行为上通过立法进行约束规范，或出台相关政策法规对饮食行为进行约束规范。其次，国家要进一步加大宣传教育力度。再次，国家要进一步规范公务接待行为。另外，还需要树立长期作战的思想。由于饮食行为是一种日常行为和习惯，其形成不是一朝一夕，要改变也不可能一朝一夕。所以，抓要从细从实从严，不能急躁，应有一个长期部署。

Song Guiwu's viewpoint 6: how to build a culinary civilization

Food is the people's daily necessity, and eating is a great knowledge. The culinary civilization is related to the people's movement and the nation's movement. Philosopher Nietzsche said that reason comes from the kitchen, and the society needs to vigorously build a culinary civilization.First, in the diet, we should expand the scope of morality.We should truly establish the concept of equality of all things.The concept of equality is the concept basis for the equality of morality.How to be equal? People can not put themselves in a position higher than all things, or think that there is more existence superiority than other life, or see themselves as the master of all things. People should think that they are also an equal member of all things, and that they are a common link in the chain of all things in nature, without particularity.Second, we should adhere to the principle of thrift.The so-called thrift is to meet their own reasonable consumption level on the basis of the consumption of nature should be as little as possible.From the personal point of view, pay attention to the thrift and moderation of eating, but not excessive, is also responsible for their own lives.The ancients said: "The mouth is full of diseases."From the natural point of view, as far as possible in the consumption of no waste, is also to respect the value of animal and plant life. For example, in Tibet, people stipulate that when slaughtering an animal (such as a yak), every part must be used well, from the bones to the eyes of the cow, nothing can be wasted. You must eat every inch of it cleanly, which is considered to be the true respect for a life.From the perspective of family and society, thrift is conducive to family and social harmony and national prosperity.The poet Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty wrote in "Ode to History": "Looking at the former states and families, they are formed by thrift and destroyed by extravagance." Third, we should adhere to the principle of minimum suffering.That is to say, when we consume objects or eat animals and plants, we should make the consumption objects or animals and plants have the least suffering.The process of eating is a process of obtaining life, and at the same time, it is also a process of consuming other lives.In this process, we should also think that animals and plants are also living things, and their lives are hard won and difficult to live.Although we have to consume it, we should try our best to make them suffer less and suffer less. This is both a virtuous behavior and a rational behavior.Third, we should adhere to the principle of hygiene.We must pay attention to food hygiene.Fourth, we should adhere to the principle of marginal consumption. The so-called marginal consumption principle is to consume more natural supply, less natural supply, less consumption, and rare wild animals and plants should be strictly prohibited from consumption. Fifth, we should adhere to the principle of natural green.We should eat more products directly from nature, and less products processed by artificial technology or acquired. The rise of a big country needs to start from diet.It is suggested that the state should regulate the eating behavior through legislation, or introduce relevant policies and regulations to regulate the eating behavior.Secondly, the state should further strengthen publicity and education.Thirdly, the state should further regulate the behavior of official reception.In addition, it is also necessary to establish the idea of long-term warfare.Because the eating behavior is a daily behavior and habit, its formation is not overnight, and it can not be changed overnight.Therefore, we should grasp the details and be strict, not impatient, and should have a long-term deployment.