例二：1999

What this amounts to, of course, is that the scientist has become the victim of his own writings. He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.”

70.       The author implies that the results of scientific research __________.

[A]       may not be as profitable as they are expected

[B]       can be measured in dollars and cents

[C]       rely on conformity to standard pattern

[D]       are mostly underestimated by management

How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything. He was just wondering. His mind was ready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you don’t have unpredictable things, you don’t have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writing their cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it.

       68.       The author asserts that scientists __________.

[A]       shouldn’t replace “scientific method” with imaginative thought

[B]       shouldn’t neglect to speculate on unpredictable things

[C]       should write more concise reports for technical journals

[D]       should be confident about their research findings

   3．反话正说

       例一：2000

          While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “Those things that do not show up in the test scores—personality, ability, courage or humanity—are completely ignored,” says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party’s education committee. “Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.”

       65.       Which of the following is true according to the author?

[A]       Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder.

[B]       Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity.

[C]       More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.

[D]       Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking.

例二：2000

How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.

       54.       The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the __________.

[A]       turning of the business cycle

[B]       restructuring of industry

[C]       improved business management

[D]       success in education