我国年新发HIV感染者5万人
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2009-01-23 09:38 目前，我国每年新感染艾滋病病毒（HIV）者达5万人.在这些新发生的感染者中，91%的感染者不知自己已感染。如果再加上既往感染而始终未检出者人数，便有一个更加庞大的感染者融于人群中，防艾形势不容乐观。这是在本月13日黑龙江省艾滋病预防与控制国际研讨会与培训班上，中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治中心主任吴尊友教授在报告中指出的现实。
吴尊友任主在综合考察了累计发现感染人数、死亡人数及新发感染人数几个项目后指出，截止到2008年9月底，在我国，存活并已发现的感染者人数为22.9万人，存活但尚未检测出的艾滋病感染者达50.85万人，两者的比例大约为1 : 2.2 。就是说，每发现一名感染者，背后便有至少2名感染者尚未被发现。
艾滋病预防形势严峻的重要原因在于，性传播已成为如今HIV传播的主要途径，占全部新发感染近57%的比例，这包括夫妻间传播、卖淫传播和同事熟人性关系的传播。“其中，同事熟人间发生的性关系日益受到关注，因为这一人群基数大，也更为隐蔽。”吴尊友主任说。而在性传播中，男男性行为（MSM，含同性恋）尤为危险。在工业化国家，MSM人群感染艾滋病病毒的风险是普通人群的19倍，在发展中国家，感染风险则更高。
一方面是防范意识不强，使感染率上升，另一方面又谈艾色变，使大量的感染者处于“地下”状态，得不到及时治疗。对此，中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治中心张福杰教授介绍，我国从2003年起实施艾滋病免费抗病毒治疗，挽救了大量患者的生命，病死率大大下降，但治疗失败和死亡的问题依然很严重。治疗失败的原因，一是不能坚持规范治疗；二是很多病人接受治疗时疾病已发展晚期，使治疗效果不佳。
抗病毒治疗可以抑制病毒复制，恢复和部分恢复受损的免疫功能。很多病人没有按要求、按时、按次吃药，导致HIV病毒变异产生耐药性而使治疗失败。另外，如果病人接受治疗时病情已经发展到晚期，长期的疗效比早期治疗的病人差，而且由于此时病人的免疫力十分低下，也最容易发生各类感染。接受治疗后病人的死亡，主要是死于艾滋病相关疾病，如感染和肿瘤等。
张福杰特别强调，艾滋病要治疗成功，病人最关键：一是高危人群定期筛查，检测为阳性后要定期跟踪随访，一旦符合条件就要及时治疗，千万别等病入膏肓再吃药，因为治疗晚，疗效差；二是抗病毒治疗是终身的，病人必须坚持服药，同时一直保持好的依从性，定时定量，终身吃药，当病人自我感觉恢复了，千万不能以为自己好了，没事了，不再按时服药，甚至停止服药。研究提示，艾滋病人如果早期规范治疗，有可能达到全社会平均预期寿命。
China's newly-issued in HIV-infected persons 50,000 persons
http://www.huanqiu.com Source: People's Network User Reviews Article
2009-01-23 09:38 At present, China's number of new HIV infections (HIV) were up to 5 million people. In these new infections occurred in persons, 91% of infected people do not know they are infected. If the infection has not previously detected in the number, it is a more large-infected persons into the crowd, the AIDS situation is not optimistic. This is in Heilongjiang Province on the 13th of this month of AIDS prevention and control of international seminars and training courses, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Director of the Center for AIDS prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases Professor Wu Zunyou in the report pointed out that reality.
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Wu Zunyou any comprehensive survey of owners found to be infected with a cumulative number of death toll and the number of new infections, he pointed out several projects, as of the end of September 2008, in China, survived and has found the number of infected persons was 22.9 million people, survival but not yet detected the AIDS-infected persons up to 508,500 people, both the ratio of about 1: 2.2. In other words, each found a infection, it is behind at least two infected people have not yet been discovered.
AIDS prevention an important reason why the situation is grim, sexually transmitted today has become a major means of HIV transmission, accounting for all new infections nearly 57 percent fat ratio, which includes the spread between husband and wife, prostitution, the spread of acquaintances and colleagues spread of sexual relations. "One of my colleagues knew the sexual relationship between increasing concern, because the population base, but also the more subtle." Wu Zunyou, director said. In the sexually transmitted in MSM (MSM, including homosexuality) is particularly dangerous. In industrialized countries, MSM population infected with HIV risk is 19 times the general population, in developing countries, the risk of infection is even higher.
On the one hand, awareness is not strong, so that infection rates rise, on the other hand, the mere mention to talk about AI, so that a large number of infected people in the "underground" status, lack of timely treatment. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention of STD and AIDS Prevention Center, introduced Professor Zhang Fujie, China since 2003 the implementation of free anti-retroviral AIDS treatment, to save the lives of a large number of patients, the fatality rate dropped significantly, but treatment failure and death is still very serious . The reasons for treatment failure, one can not uphold the norms of treatment; Second, many patients receive treatment late, when the disease has been developed to enable the treatment ineffective.
Antiviral therapy can inhibit viral replication, recovery and restoration of damaged parts of the immune function. Many patients are not required, on time and pay-per-view medicine, resulting in HIV virus resistance of treatment failure. In addition, if a patient receiving treatment when the disease has developed to the late, long-term efficacy of early treatment of patients than the poor, and because this time the patient's immune system is very low, but also the most prone to various types of infection. After treatment the patient's death, mainly died of AIDS-related diseases, such as infections and tumors, such as.
张福杰particularly stressed that the success of AIDS treatment to the patient the most critical: First, regular screening of high-risk groups, after testing positive for periodic follow-up, once they meet the conditions necessary to timely treatment, but you should never again beyond cure, such as medication, because the treatment of late poor efficacy; Second, anti-virus treatment is a life-long, patients must adhere to medication, at the same time has maintained a good compliance, regular quantitative and lifelong medication, when the patients restored sense of self, do not think that their own good, all right, and not medication on time again, or even stop the medication. Research suggests that AIDS treatment if detected early norms, it is possible to reach the average life expectancy of the entire society.