慈善，被称为“第三次分配”，第一次分配是市场，强调效率；第二次是政府利用税收、财政等手段力争社会公平；而慈善作为第三次分配，则强调社会责任和爱的传递。慈善，一个充满了爱的字眼；慈善事业，一方面在建设物质世界，同时也在建设精神世界。如今，我们探讨慈善命题，总是绕不开这些话题：富人承担什么慈善责任？平民该如何参与慈善？慈善组织如何提高公信力？做慈善应该期望什么样的回报？……在17日举行的江苏首届慈善论坛上，这些成为慈善先进人物、专家学者和政府部门探讨的热点。
慈善，从小众走向大众
中国的当代慈善事业只有30年左右的历史，虽然处在起步阶段，但发展非常迅速。民政部社会福利和慈善事业促进司副司长王素英将之概括为：“从少数人的阳春白雪走向了社会大众广泛认同和追求的价值取向；从单纯的自我满足上升到社会责任与社会公平；从简单的捐款捐物发展到从物质、精神、心理、发展、志愿服务等多方面的支持；从项目的自发性、随意性和零散性过渡到慈善机构的专业运作和政府、社会的广泛监督。中国慈善事业开始具有了更多的现代理想、现代方式和现代标准。”
统计表明，2004年以前，国内1000多万家企业有99%未参加过任何捐赠，而国内人均捐款不足1元人民币。而今年9月，中国社科院发布中国首个慈善蓝皮书，指出2008年大陆捐款总额1070亿元，是2007年的3.5倍；2008年中国内地个人人均捐款34.66元，是上一年的13.5倍。2008年中国慈善事业出现一个井喷，南方雪灾、汶川地震、百年奥运……这个大悲大喜的年份让中国人的心情跌宕起伏，人们心底最朴素的团结、互助、慈善作为一种理念和社会责任更加深入人心，中国慈善事业也在这一年出现了一个飞跃。目前中国已有慈善类基金会1000家以上，其中非公募基金会超过1/3，在北京、江苏、浙江等地的非公募基金会数量已经超过公募基金会。
一向引领时尚风潮的名星们，也纷纷为慈善组织代言或创办慈善基金会，号召全社会关心并帮助各类弱势群体。2004年的印尼海啸中，李连杰一家遇险，从鬼门关捡回命的他顿悟人生，创办了“壹基金”，提倡“每个人每个月一元钱”的月捐形式；李亚鹏和王菲在经历女儿兔唇的痛苦后创办了“嫣然天使基金”，援手帮助兔唇儿童；濮存昕、蒋雯丽、彭丽媛和周笔畅等为艾滋病防治担任形象大使；中国扶贫基金会集中了杨澜、蒋勤勤、张靓颖等10位明星；李宇春担任中国红十字会“小天使基金”的形象代言人，韩红办个唱把收入捐给西部建希望小学……这串名单很长，他们不但身体力行表达善行，更激发更多人慈善的愿望。
江苏的慈善事业一直在全国名列前茅，在2008年抗震救灾募捐中，省慈善总会和省红十字会的善款数额在各自系统中都处于首位。据了解，省慈善总会自2005年成立以来，累计募集资金3.69亿元，4年来共实施了求助先天性心脏病、白血病、助孤助学等近70个救助项目，受益人数达到28万人次。而全省各级慈善总会的基金总量已超过129亿元，在全国名列前茅。如果加上其他慈善组织以及企业和个人的救助行为，江苏的受益人群保守估计也要超过100万人次。常州和江阴等地开创了新的捐资模式，实行“一次认捐，按息捐赠”、“一次认捐，分年捐赠”和“定向捐赠，冠名基金”等方式，既不对企业经营现金流影响太大，又使慈善组织有了长期的资金来源。
慈善，从道德走向责任
中国有慈善传统，古代官员、士绅回报乡里被认为是天经地义的事，接济贫苦、铺桥修路都是“功德”，乐善好施是被人们称颂的美德。那时候，慈善的社会责任一般由富人承担。但是现代社会，慈善已经不是富人的专利，无论对企业，还是对富豪和平民，慈善都是一种公民责任。
在17日的论坛上，有“中国首善”之誉的陈光标在大会发言时说：“财富的积累是企业家自我价值的一种实现，也是生成社会创造的力量。这样的一种资本伦理，代表着现代企业家精神。”他认为慈善并不占据着道德高地，而是一种不可推卸的社会责任。“这几年我一半精力做慈善，一半精力搞经营，慈善不仅不影响反而促进企业发展，能够得到社会更多的支持，为企业发展创造良好的社会效益，财富与慈善相得益彰。”
世界上名头最响的慈善家，恐怕要数比尔·盖茨和巴菲特。盖茨把全部的580亿美元财产捐给了以妻子和他命名的基金会，巴菲特也捐出个人总资产的85%即370亿美元。在美国等西方国家，慈善捐赠是一种社会氛围，富豪们如果不捐或少捐都会被看不起。“在巨富中死去是一种耻辱”、“多余的财富和多余的体重一样，都是罪恶”等观念根深蒂固。2007年美国慈善捐款首次超过3000亿美元，2290亿美元来自个人捐赠，其中一半来自收入水平居美国前10%的家庭。这是一组让中国富人汗颜的数字，中国的财富榜与慈善榜至今依然是错位的，权力寻租、奢侈无度和为富不仁等负面评价始终围绕着富人阶层。
统计表明，慈善捐款占GDP的比例，西方国家一般在3%—5%之间，美国高达9%，而在中国这个数字则低于0.5%。简单的对比，对发展中的中国并不公平，但是中国经济水平低，贫富差距大，富人理应承担更多的慈善责任。中国慈善总会的统计表明，拥有80%财富的富人阶层只贡献15%的慈善捐款，这很难让人心平气和，撇开富人的责任谈慈善是悖谬且危险的。
我们同时也应该明白，慈善并不是富人的专利，好的慈善文化并不是富人慈善而是人人慈善，这些我们身边亲切可感的行为，才是慈善事业最基本元素和最强大动力。
在每一位比尔·盖茨的身旁，都站着数以百万计的普通百姓。据统计，美国每年有70%的家庭做了捐赠，平均捐款额超过1000美元；56%的18周岁以上的美国人参加了志愿者工作，他们的贡献相当于给这个3亿人口的国家增加了900万名全职雇员，价值约为2500亿美元，可以说，平民撑起了美国慈善的另一个神话。
在中国，平民慈善像已经破土的幼苗，截至2008年底，中国注册志愿者已达2946名，当年有506万名志愿者参加抗震救灾和灾后重建，170多万名志愿者直接服务北京奥运会。有专家评论，有钱出钱，有力出力的志愿精神，更适合中国发展现状，普通人的参与是中国式慈善事业的基石。看看汶川地震后人们捐款捐物、向震区邮寄奶粉，甚至自发组织救助队伍赶往灾区，就可以知道民间的慈善热情有多大。目前我国城市人口约为6亿人，如果每人一年捐100元钱，仅此一项全国每年就能募集到600亿元善款。也就是说，平民慈善是我国慈善事业尚待开发的一个宝藏。
慈善，从物质走向精神
在中国，慈善往往被赋予道德的光环，但是把慈善提到过高的道德水平，不是慈善文化的先进和成熟，而是滞后和幼稚。以平常心看慈善，是重建中国慈善文化需要确立的心态。慈善如何既是物质上的资助又是精神上的培育？捐助者又能从中获得什么？我们应该有什么样的慈善观和慈善行动？看看他们的故事：
赵静文，全国青联委员，南京爱德基金会公共卫生与艾滋病防治项目主任。2004年她第一次去农村帮助艾滋病感染者，虽然她知道艾滋病传播的3种渠道，知道正常的交流不会感染，但她仍然恐惧。为避免和他们握手，她一直假装拍照，开馆时也不敢上桌吃饭。这次经历让她明白，从知识到态度再到行动，这种转变很难，也是中国慈善事业最稀缺的。
那一年她见到王大妈时，老人正在院子里哭。她和丈夫因卖血感染艾滋病毒，丈夫去世后，女儿上吊自杀，儿子离家出走。一句“望天等死”中透露的深深绝望，让人心悸。基金会把她纳入“养猪计划”，借给她3头小猪。几个月后，当赵静文再见到王大妈，老人带她到猪圈，喜滋滋地说：“看小猪养得多好？我每天可忙了，邻居们也不再看不起我了。儿子也联系上了，等把猪卖了给他娶媳妇。”几年过去了，王大妈还活着，药品由国家免费提供，她还在养猪，儿子真的娶了媳妇，一家人住在砖瓦房里，大铁门是鲜艳的红色。
“我们的猪不是免费提供，受资助者要还给我们小猪，然后我们再交给下一家，让爱和希望像火种一样传递下去。”赵静文说：“慈善不能停留在给钱给物，而是要保护人的自尊自信，让他们燃起生活的信心，并最终实现自强自立。从物质帮助到精神求助才是慈善的境界。做慈善不是扮演拯救者，但是可以让痛减轻一点，让爱充满人间。”
每年，有1300万元以上的资金，经赵静文的手注入村卫生所建设、乡村医生培训、妇女疾病防治和小额贷款等20多个项目中，受益人口达百万人，其中2005年度感动中国人物、乡村医生李春燕就是他们培训的骨干。
吕灿是南京一名初三学生，5年前，过9岁生日时，她拿出7万元存款，又添了父母的3万元，以她的名义成立了助学基金。这个基金至今已经资助了20多名贫困学生，其中5人已经考上大学。由于不愿过多面对媒体，她委托妈妈徐洁接受采访。徐洁说：“跟受助孩子主要是书信和短信联系，见面不多，主要是怕孩子们有压力，为什么同龄人可以过得像公主，我却要接受她的施舍。女儿跟我商量过，不见面是一种情感上的牵挂和感激，见面了我们就会以施舍者的形象出现。他们只要明白人间有爱就好了，并不需要把恩情记在某个人的头上。我们也有收获，那种被依靠、被依赖的感觉非常好。”母女俩都把慈善当成很平凡的事，没觉得有什么了不起。相反有一次在福利院的经历并不美妙，当时她们要教孩子们唱歌，但是备选曲目都是《感恩的心》、《感谢》之类的，那些孩子需要帮助，但他们并不欠谁的，徐洁说：“不能助长弱势群体仰视捐助者的风气，所以我们选了《同一首歌》。”
还有更多的人把微薄之力汇入慈善洪流，在奉献中收获快乐。苏州120名志愿者参加“苏老师热线”，通过电话、短信和QQ等平台，对未成年人进行学习问题、心理问题、亲子沟通和网瘾等问题开展咨询服务，并走进社区和学校，开展心理健康教育。在苏州，苏老师在学生中的影响，超过了任何一位大明星；宜兴老人姜达敖18年来几乎把全部的工资、奖金、积蓄和子女孝敬的费用全部用于资助全国各地的困难群众，资助总额超过180万元；40岁的王小梅曾做过高中物理老师，现在她以志愿者的身份，每周两天到红山民工子弟学校给那里的初三孩子上课……他们以实际行动发布着一个宣言：慈善人人可为。
慈善，从无序走向有序
近日，农夫山泉“一瓶水一分钱”的捐赠行为曝光，广告中农夫山泉承诺捐赠7年，实际上只有7个月，而这7个月中还有4个月5亿瓶水的收益莫名蒸发。再往前看，牛群、牛根生、曹德旺等人的捐赠，投入了多少，用在了哪里，哪些人受益，一直让人雾里看花。而对新华都实业集团创办人、新华都实业集团董事长陈发树的捐赠事件来说，用基金会的钱给企业办事，却并不触犯现有法规，制度设计上就没有防止“洗钱”的阀门。另外，慈善事业的所谓“回报”和“感恩”，还存在很多争议，比如说双方“签订协议”是否必要，感恩如何在一种有尊严的状态下进一步规范化……慈善事业中出现的各种各样的无序行为，给慈善事业蒙上了阴影。
长期以来，中国的慈善事业存在无序的方面，最主要的是公信力不高。目前政府对慈善组织的管理理念还带着计划经济时代的痕迹，采用行政手段而非法制手段。再加上监督机制不完善，违法现象时有发生，降低了公信度，挫伤了公众慈善捐款的积极性。一些慈善机构管理上存在漏洞，缺少必要的监督、审计，信息公开制度不健全，善款使用随意性很大。与此同时，党政部门、事业单位和社会团体都可以直接募集慈善资源，正是因为这种“多渠道”，许多具有善心的机构和个人，时常遭遇为同一目标的“重复捐赠”、“捐赠举牌”和“捐款排名”的烦恼，使他们感到某种压力，对善心有所损伤。另外，慈善组织不健全且人才匮乏。慈善事业涉及到经济学、社会学、心理学、统计学等许多学科，同时又是一项政策性强、工作量大的工作，而目前慈善机构的队伍现状很不适应慈善事业的发展。还有一个不容忽视的方面是成本困境，从事任何一项事业都需要支付成本，慈善事业也不例外。《基金会管理办法》和《公益事业捐赠法》中都明确规定，慈善活动的成本只能“在利息等收人中按照国家标准开支”。这就意味着，当某公益机构“利息收入”很少或者没有时，该机构就将陷入财务困境。不同国家和地区对慈善成本的确认办法不尽统一，但却普遍认同慈善工作需要成本。如美国100家“最好”慈善机构的平均筹款成本为7%、行政成本也为7%，二者之和占总捐款的14%。但是，我国的市民百姓目前对此还很难接受，认为慈善成本就该由慈善组织自己在善款之外消化。
慈善，是一种建立在人格平等基础之上的互帮互爱、共同进步的事业，同时也是一种新的社会价值观，慈善事业一方面在建设物质世界，同时也在建设精神世界。有学者指出，发展慈善事业，要坚持扶贫济困、自愿无偿、公开公正、政府推动、民间实施的原则，通过培育慈善文化，制定政策法规，规范募捐活动，依法监督管理，切实维护慈善组织、捐赠人和受益人的合法权益。
应该利用各种渠道，营造慈善文化的氛围，扩大慈善事业的社会影响。慈善组织要提升自己的公信度，必须加强自身建设。对善款的募集、管理、使用、增值等环节制定公开透明的管理程序，使其制度化和规范化，提高慈善组织的公信度；规划慈善发展，培育慈善队伍。
做慈善要有“玻璃做的钱袋”，即所有的内容都要一目了然，在慈善事业成熟的国家，不但慈善机构的每笔捐款都要有详细的使用说明向公众报告，其会计账目，甚至工作人员的工资都要公开，你说给盲人买了100根盲公杖，真的会有人随机抽取10个人，打电话核实。为了做到完全的透明，每个公民都可以去查慈善组织的账，人们只愿意把钱投给自己信任的机构，做不到公开透明，就募不到善款。而转型期中国，信用危机还在很多领域中广泛存在，在这样的背景下，中国的慈善组织更应占据诚信的高地，这是慈善组织生存的生命线，也是中国社会道德重建的先驱。用制度、自律和道德共同做一个“玻璃做的钱袋”，才能真正用慈善的爱温暖中国。
本报记者 王宏伟
Transformation of China, we need to view what kind of charity
The Associated Press - Xinhua Daily 2009-11-19 09:59:27
Charity, known as "the third distribution", the first allocation of the market, emphasizing efficiency; second time was in the government to use tax, financial and other means to strive for social equity; and charity as a third distribution, then the emphasis on social responsibility and love to pass . Charitable, one filled with words of love; charity, on the one hand in building the physical world, but also in the building of the spiritual world. Today, we explore the proposition charity, always around not open these topics: the rich bear the responsibility for what is charity? How can civilians involved in charity? How to improve the credibility of charitable organizations? What kind of charity should expect in return? ... ... 17 held the first charity in Jiangsu forum, these actions become a charitable advanced people, experts, academics and government departments to explore hot spots.
Charitable, small congregation toward the general public
China's contemporary philanthropy, only 30 years of history, though at the initial stage, but the development is very rapid. Ministry of Civil Affairs to promote social welfare and charity, deputy director of the Su-Ying Wang summarized as follows: "From the small number of people Somewhere toward the community and the pursuit of widely shared values; from pure self-satisfaction rose to social responsibility and social equity; from simply donated money and goods from the developed to the material, spiritual, psychological, development, support for various volunteer services; from the project spontaneity, randomness and fragmented nature of the transition to the professional operation of charitable organizations and government, the broad supervision of the community. China charity began with a more modern ideals, modern methods and modern standards. "
Statistics show that 2004 years ago, the domestic more than 1000 million businesses, 99% did not participate in any donations, while the per capita contributions of less than 1 yuan. In September this year, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences published the Blue Book of China's first charity, pointed out that the total contributions in 2008 mainland China 107 billion yuan, 3.5 times in 2007; in 2008 China Mainland individual contributions to 34.66 yuan per capita is 13.5 times the previous year . 2008 China Philanthropy emergence of a blowout, the South snow disaster, Wenchuan earthquake, Olympics ... ... this year the Chinese people Dabeitaixi mood ups and downs, the human heart the most simple unity, mutual assistance, charity and social responsibility as a concept is more deeply rooted among the Chinese charity is also there is a leap year. China currently has more than 1,000 charitable foundations class, in which the non-public offering Foundation, more than 1 / 3, in Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places has exceeded the number of non-public offering Public Offering Fund Foundation.
Has been leading the fashion trend of the name stars, have also established a charitable organization or charitable foundation endorsement, calling the whole society to care for and help all kinds of vulnerable groups. The 2004 tsunami in Indonesia, Jet Li a distress, from the jaws of life, he saved his life, insight, founded the "One Foundation", advocates "a dollar a month each person," the monthly donation form; Yapeng and Faye Wong experiencing daughter harelip After the pain started the "sweet angel fund" to help to help cleft lip children; Pu Cunxin, Jiang Wenli, Peng Liyuan and Zhou Bichang such as the image ambassador for AIDS prevention and control; China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation concentrated Yang Lan, Jiang Qinqin, Zhang Liang-ying, etc. 10 stars; Li Yuchun as China Red Cross Society "little angels" image ambassador Han do to call out the proceeds go to the west of Hope Primary School ... ... The string of the list is very long, they not only set an example to express good deeds, but also inspire more people to charitable wishes.
Jiangsu's philanthropy has always been among the best in the country, in the earthquake relief fund raising in 2008, the province and the provincial Red Cross Charity donations in the amount in their respective systems are at the top. It is understood that the Provincial Charity Federation since its inception in 2005, the cumulative fund-raising 369 million yuan, a total of four years, implemented a help of congenital heart disease, leukemia, to help orphans and other student aid in nearly 70 projects of 28 million beneficiaries . Charity funds at all levels across the province and the total amount of more than 12.9 billion, among the best in the country. If you include other charitable organizations as well as enterprises and individuals relief act, Jiangsu conservative estimate of the crowd but also benefit more than 1 million passengers. Changzhou and Jiangyin, etc. to create a new donor model, the implementation of "one pledge, according to donor interest," "a pledge, sub-annual donation" and "directed donation, naming Fund", etc., not operating cash flow of enterprise impact is too great, but also so that charitable organizations have a long-term sources of funding.
Charity, from a moral responsibility towards
China has a charitable tradition, the ancient officials, the gentry return the township is considered a matter of course, give material assistance to the poor, laying the bridge road are "merit", charity is the virtue of people's praise. At that time, of charity from the rich to pay for social responsibility in general. But modern society, charity is no longer exclusively for the rich, regardless of the enterprise, or on the rich and the civilian population, charity is a kind of civic responsibility.
17-day forum, "China's capital city" reputation Chen cursor statement in the Assembly, said: "The accumulation of wealth is an implementation of self-worth entrepreneurs, but also generates the power of community to create. Such a capital Ethics, on behalf of modern entrepreneurship. "He believes that charity does not occupy the moral high ground, but an inescapable social responsibility. "It's a few years half of my energy to do charity, half of the energy to engage in business, charity not only the effects so far to promote enterprise development, and can get more support from the community for enterprise development to create a good social benefits, wealth and charity complement each other."
The best known names in the world philanthropist, I am afraid to be the number of Bill Gates and Warren Buffett. Gates put all of the 58 billion U.S. dollars of property donated to his wife, and his naming of the Foundation, Mr. Buffett donated 85% of the total assets of individuals or 37 billion U.S. dollars. In the United States and other Western countries, charitable donation is a social atmosphere, the rich who donate if you do not donate or less will be looked down upon. "In the wealthy to die is a disgrace," "excess wealth and excess body weight, as it is evil" and so deeply entrenched. 2007, U.S. charitable donations for the first time more than 300 billion U.S. dollars, 229 billion U.S. dollars donation from individuals, half of which comes from income levels, ranks the top 10% of households in the United States. This is a group of so embarrassed by the number of wealthy Chinese, China's Rich List and the List is still being misplaced charity, the power of rent-seeking, extravagance and excessive, and such a negative assessment of heartless rich class has always been around.
Statistics show that the proportion of GDP, charitable donations, the Western countries generally 3% -5%, and the United States as high as 9%, while in China the figure was less than 0.5%. A simple comparison of the development of China is not fair, but the low level of the Chinese economy, the wealth gap between the rich should bear more responsibility for charity. China Charity Federation statistics show that, with 80% of the wealth of the rich class has contributed 15% of charitable donations, it hard to calm down, put aside the responsibility of the rich to talk about charity is absurd and dangerous.
We also should understand that charity is not exclusively for the rich, a good philanthropic culture is not a charity but it has become rich and charitable, they may be around us a sense of intimate behavior, is the most basic elements of philanthropy and the most powerful driving force.
In each one beside Bill Gates, are standing up hundreds of millions of ordinary people. According to statistics, the United States each year, 70% of households made a donation, the average contributions of more than 1000 U.S. dollars; 56% of Americans over the age of 18 participated in volunteer work, their contribution is equivalent to this country with a population 300 million increase in 9 million full-time employees, worth about 250 billion U.S. dollars, can be said that the civilian population propped up the U.S. charity to another myth.
In China, the civilian population has been a ground-breaking charity, as seedlings, as at the end of 2008, China registered volunteers has reached 2946, when there are 5.06 million volunteers participated in earthquake relief and reconstruction, more than 170 million volunteers to directly serve the Beijing Olympic Games. Some experts comment, money money, Youlichuli volunteer spirit, more suitable for China's development of the status quo, ordinary people's participation is the cornerstone of Chinese-style philanthropy. Wenchuan after the earthquake to see if people donated money and goods to the earthquake zone mailing milk powder, and even self-organized rescue teams rushed to the stricken areas, we will know how much people in charity. China's current urban population of about 600 million people, if each person donated 100 yuan a year, alone every year to 60 billion yuan will be able to raise money for charity. In other words, civilians charity is charity yet to be developed in China as a treasure.
Charity, from the material into the spirit of
In China, the charity is often given a halo of morality, but the charity that high moral standards, not charity culture, advanced and mature, but the lag and naive. It is just normal to see charitable, philanthropic and cultural needs of the reconstruction of China to establish state of mind. How charitable subsidies on both material and spiritual cultivation? Donors can learn to gain? We should have a charitable view of what kind and charitable act? Look at their story:
Zhao Jingwen, member of All China Youth Federation, the Nanjing Amity Foundation, the project director of public health and AIDS prevention. In 2004, she first went to villages to help people living with HIV, although she knew that the spread of AIDS three kinds of channels, the exchanges will not know the normal infection, but she still fears. In order to avoid their hands, she has been pretending to take photographs when not opened and serve a meal. This experience made her understand that attitude then from knowledge to action, this change is difficult, is also China's most scarce charity.
That year she met Aunt Wang, the old people are in the yard crying. She and her husband because of selling blood infected with HIV, her husband died, her daughter hanged herself, and her son away from home. A "mercy of God to die," revealed the deep despair, people heart palpitations. Foundation took her into the "pig Scheme", to lend her three piglets. A few months later, when Aunt Wang Zhao Jingwen to see the elderly take her to the pen and said happily: "Look, pig raising is much better? Every day I may be busy, and neighbors are no longer looked down upon me. Son connected, and so the pigs sold to him a bride. "a few years later, Aunt Wang was still alive, medicines provided free of charge by the state, she is still pig, his son married a daughter really, a people living in brick and tile room, large iron gate is a bright red.
"Our pigs are not provided free of charge, subsidized those who want to return it to us pigs, and then we will pass it to the next one, so that love and hope to pass down the same as the fire." Zhao Jingwen, said: "Charity does not stop at giving money to the objects, but to protect the people's self-esteem self-confidence, so that they ignite confidence in life, and ultimately achieve self-reliance self-reliance. from material assistance to the spiritual help is the realm of charity. did not play to save those charities, but it can alleviate the pain a little, so that Love is full of earth. "
Every year, 1,300 million yuan of funds, after Zhao Jingwen's hand into the village health clinic building, training of village doctors, women's disease prevention and micro-loans to more than 20 projects, benefiting a population of one million, of which in 2005 moved to the Chinese People , rural doctors is that they Chunyan the backbone of the training.
LU Can Nanjing a third-year student, five years ago, over 9-year-old birthday, she took out 70,000 yuan deposits, they have a parent of 3 million, was established in her name Bursary Fund. The fund has so far funded more than 20 poor students, of which five have already admitted to the University. Too much due to a reluctance to face the media, she commissioned a mother Jie-interviewed. Xu Jie said: "The children are mainly correspondence with clients and SMS contacts, meet with small, mainly because they are afraid the kids are under pressure, why people can live like a princess peers, I have to accept her charity. Daughter with me to talk things over does not meet an emotional thoughts and gratitude, we will meet with the giver's image appears. So long as they understand that there is love like a human does not need to be recorded in favor of a person's head. We also have harvest, that is to rely on, is dependent on a very good feeling. "mother and daughter regarded as a very extraordinary things charity, not feel unimpressed. On the contrary there is the experience of time in the orphanage is not wonderful, then they have to teach children to sing, but the alternative tracks are "grateful heart", "thank you" sort of, those children need help, but they do not owe , and Xu Jie said: "Can not look up at vulnerable groups, donors contribute to the culture, so we chose the" Same Song "."
There are more people to the power of modest import charitable torrent, in the dedication of a happy harvest. Suzhou 120 volunteers to take part, "Su hotline" by telephone, SMS, and QQ, platforms, minors learning problems, psychological problems, parent-child communication and network issues such as addiction counseling services, and into the community and schools, conduct mental health education. In Suzhou, the Soviet Union teachers influence students, more than any one big star; Yixing Jiang elderly over the past 18 years Ao almost all of the wages, bonuses, savings and the cost of caring for children throughout the country entirely devoted to financing difficulties of the masses, and total subsidies more than 1.8 million yuan; 40-year-old Wang Xiaomei had conducted a high school physics teacher, and now she volunteers as a week, two days into the Red Hill school for migrant children to the school where the junior high kids ... ... They take practical action to release the one Declaration: Charity for everyone.
Charity, from disorderly to orderly
Recently, the farmer spring, "a bottle of water a penny" of donations behavior exposure, advertising in the spring the farmer promised to donate 7 years, in fact only 7 months, which is still seven months 4 months 500 million bottles of water proceeds inexplicable evaporation. Looking further ahead, cattle, Niu Gensheng, Cao Dewang and other people's donations, the number of inputs for use in the where, who benefited, has been smoke and mirrors people. While all Industry Group, founder of Xinhua, Xinhua Du Industrial Group's chairman, Chen made the tree donation event, the use of foundation money to companies act, it does not violate the existing laws and regulations on the design of the system did not prevent "money laundering" of the valve门. In addition, the charitable cause of so-called "return" and "Thanksgiving," there are still many controversies, such as the two sides "agreement" is necessary, how Thanksgiving in a state of dignity to further standardize ... ... appear in a variety of charities all sorts of disorderly conduct to a charitable cause cast a shadow.
For a long time, China's charity cause there is disorder, the most important thing is credibility is not high. Present, the Government of the charitable organization's management philosophy is also with traces of the planned economy era, the use of administrative means rather than resorting to legal means. Coupled with inadequate oversight mechanisms, the phenomenon of law have occurred, reducing the credibility, and dampen public enthusiasm for charitable donations. A number of loopholes in the management of charitable institutions, the lack of necessary supervision, auditing, information disclosure system is not perfect, the use of arbitrary large donations. Meanwhile, the party and government departments, institutions and social groups can be directly solicit charitable resources, precisely because of this "multi-channel," many institutions and individuals with a good-hearted, often encounter the same goal of "double donation", " donations raised placards "and" donations rank "troubles, so that they feel a certain pressure on the kindness some damage. In addition, charitable organizations are not perfect and the talent shortage. Philanthropy related to economics, sociology, psychology, statistics and many other disciplines, but it is also a strong policy nature, massive volume of work, while the ranks of the current status of charitable organizations are not suited to the development of philanthropy. There is also a can not be overlooked aspect is the cost of difficulties, to engage in any one industry have to pay the costs of charity is no exception. "Foundation Management" and "the public welfare Donation Law" clearly provides that the cost of charitable activities can only be "in the interest and other income in accordance with the national standard cost." This means that when a public agency "interest income" little or no time, the agency will run into financial difficulties. Different countries and regions to confirm the cost of charitable ways not entirely unified, but they generally agree that a cost of charitable work. Such as the U.S. 100 "best" charity fund-raising cost of an average of 7%, 7% for administrative costs, both of the sum of the total contributions to 14%. However, our public must now have is hard to accept that the cost of charity on the donation by the charitable organization itself outside of the digest.
Charity is a character built on the basis of equality of help each other and love each other and common progress of the cause, but also a new social values, philanthropy, on the one hand in building the physical world, but also in the building of the spiritual world. Some scholars have pointed out that the development of philanthropy, we must uphold the fight against poverty, voluntary non-remunerated, public justice, the Government promote the implementation of the principles of civil society, by fostering charity culture, and to develop policies and regulations, regulate fund-raising activities, supervision and management according to law, and earnestly safeguard charitable organizations, the legitimate rights and interests of donors and beneficiaries.
Should use various channels to create a philanthropic culture, atmosphere, expanding the social impact of philanthropy. Charitable organizations to enhance their own credibility, we must strengthen self-construction. Of charitable funds are raised, management, use, value-added and other sectors to develop an open and transparent management procedures, to institutionalize and standardize and improve public confidence in charitable organizations; planning charitable development, promote charity force.
Charity have "glass pockets", that all content should be clear, in the philanthropic mature countries, not only contributions to charitable organizations each must have detailed instructions to the public reported that its accounting records, and even staff salaries must be open, you say to a blind blind man bought a 100 stick, really it was randomly selected 10 individuals to call to verify. In order to achieve full transparency, every citizen can go to check account charitable organizations, people are only willing to trust their money to their own institutions, can not do an open and transparent, it was unable to raise money for charity. The transition of China, the credit crisis is still widespread in many areas, in such a background, China's charitable organizations should occupy the high ground of good faith, which is the lifeline of charitable organizations to survive, but also a pioneer in China's social and moral reconstruction. Use of the system, self-discipline and ethics common to do a "glass of the purse," can we truly love the warmth of charity in China.
Reporter Wang Hongwei
