| （ 2009-11-21 09:32:36） |
稿件来源：南国早报 |
|
11月20日，自治区防艾办召开第22个世界艾滋病日广西宣传活动新闻通气会，通报了广西目前的艾滋病流行情况。从1996年报告首例本土艾滋病感染者起，截至今年10月31日，广西累计报告艾滋病感染者和病人51877例。根据最近几年的数据统计，平均每天约有30人被传染上艾滋病。在疫情通报中，我们能通过几个关键词读出广西艾滋病疫情的严峻以及政府进行防艾攻坚的决心。
关键词一
弥漫性流行 柳州、南宁、钦州报告数居前
广西从1996年报告首例本土艾滋病感染者起，截至2009年10月31日，累计报告艾滋病感染者和病人共51877例，其中艾滋病病人13516例，死亡报告6722例。
今年1～10月，全区新报告艾滋病感染者6315例，艾滋病病人3322例，死亡报告1463例，平均每天约有30人被传染上艾滋病，全区人口中报告的艾滋病感染者和病人人数的比例约为千分之一。
自治区防艾办副主任陈杰介绍，现在广西的艾滋病疫情十分严峻，呈弥漫性流行，全区所有市、县均有报告病例，但是流行强度不均匀。14个市中，柳州（9667例）、南宁（7397例）、钦州（5905例）的报告数居前。以县、区为单位统计，累计报告超过2000例的地区有灵山、鹿寨、柳江、八步区。
目前，报告病例数超过5万的在全国只有云南和广西两个省、区。而广西今年的报告病例数跟往年相比有较明显的增加。仅今年新报告的病例数就占了历年累计总病例数的10%以上。
关键词二
性传播上升 60.9%的感染者因性染病
病例数的增加说明了艾滋病流行形势的严峻。但是，传播途径的转变才是专家们最忧虑的问题。数据显示，广西的艾滋病传播已经由吸毒传播为主转变为性传播为主，这意味疾病的传播不再只局限于高危人群，而是开始渗入广大的普通人群，同时也让防控变得更加困难。
据统计，广西艾滋病性途径传播的比例从2006年的42.3%上升到了2009年的60%以上。今年1～10月，全区报告的6315例艾滋病感染者中，异性传播的比例占了60.9%，注射毒品传播占31.6%，同性传播占0.8%。
陈杰说，性传播比例的增加是近年来广西艾滋病疫情上升的一个主要原因。10年前，广西的艾滋病感染者绝大多数是因为注射吸毒而感染的，吸毒者是造成疫情第一波流行的主要人群，也为今后的蔓延埋下了隐患。这一人群作为传染源，通过中间环节——配偶间的传播，将疫情的流行引向了性传播的方向。
关键词三
后来居上 部分地区报告病例呈快速增长
卫生部门在统计数据中发现，一些原本疫情并不严重的地区，近几年报告病例快速增长，一跃成为全区发病数居前的地区。以钦州为例，5年以前，当地的艾滋病病例数在全区14个市中是排名后几位的。可是在短短几年时间里，钦州已经成为全区报告病例数排在第三的市。像这样疫情快速增长的地区还有河池、来宾等。
艾滋病的潜伏期在5年以上，广西10多年来积累的艾滋病感染者正在进入集中发病的高峰阶段，因此报告的病人数快速增长，现在平均每月新收治的病人约为300人。而且，在这些艾滋病人中，绝大多数人在发病之前根本不知道自己感染了艾滋病。因此从感染到发病的这段潜伏期中，他们就成了潜在的传染源。
关键词四
高龄感染者 20%的感染者年龄在50岁以上
近几年，广西的艾滋病流行也呈现出一些新的特点。以往的艾滋病感染者年龄集中在20～40岁，以青壮年居多。最近两年，广西50岁以上的感染者报告数逐年增多，甚至出现了70岁以上的高龄感染者。现在，50岁以上感染者的数量已经占累计报告数的20%，高于全国10%的平均水平。据了解，这些高龄感染者的感染途径也是以性途径为主。
除此之外，2007～2009年广西男男性行为人群哨点监测结果显示，这个人群的艾滋病感染率从0.8%上升到2.8%。专家预测，男男性行为人群今后有可能成为艾滋病高流行的一个人群。在孕产妇中，检出艾滋病病毒抗体阳性的人数也在逐年增加，感染率约为千分之一。
关键词五
艾滋病治疗费用 免费政策、医保报销双管齐下
艾滋病感染者除了要忍受巨大的心理压力，发病后所需的高额治疗费用也是一个沉重的负担。陈杰说，近年来一系列政策的出台都在为艾滋病人减负。主要的抗病毒治疗药物由国家免费提供。针对广西感染者出现真菌感染比例特别高的情况，今年自治区政府决定根据广西的特点，为艾滋病感染者提供免费的抗真菌治疗药物，涵盖了马青霉菌病、隐球菌脑膜炎、口腔及食道念珠菌感染等最容易导致死亡的机会性感染。
陈杰介绍，艾滋病并不是一种独立的疾病，发病后的临床表现多种多样。这些抗病毒治疗以外的费用也都能在医保、新农合等制度内得到报销。卫生部门同时还积极为受艾滋病影响的家庭和儿童争取各种社会救助。
关键词六
政府决心 防艾工作纳入广西医改工作内容
南宁市防艾办副主任杨晓钊告诉记者，从2005年至2009年，连续5年的世界艾滋病日主题都被定为“遏制艾滋，履行承诺”。今年的主题在此基础上，更突出了“权益、责任、落实”。这实际上都是在强调政府在防治艾滋病方面的职责，呼吁政府保障公众的权益。其中有感染者得到治疗和关怀的权益，更有普通公众不被艾滋病所感染的权益。
广西政府在遏制艾滋病方面做了大量的工作。现在，全区共有10918例成年艾滋病人和241名儿童艾滋病病人接受了国家免费抗病毒治疗。64个社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊累计治疗病人18785人。对性工作者、男男性行为者的干预工作也在全区不断推广。
最近，经自治区党委、政府同意，防治艾滋病已经列入我区医药卫生体制改革的工作任务中，利用医改的契机开展防艾攻坚工程，提高防治艾滋病的基础能力，让防艾工作深入社区、基层。（张若凡）
|
Guangxi: AIDS Prevention AIDS epidemic serious work into the medical reform work content
(2009-11-21 09:32:36) Source: southern China Morning Post
November 20, autonomous regions and AIDS Prevention Office of the convening of the first 22, Guangxi World AIDS Day campaign press briefing, informing the current AIDS epidemic in Guangxi. Since 1996, the first reported from the local people living with HIV, as of October 31 this year, Guangxi had reported HIV infection and 51,877 cases of the patients. According to statistics in recent years, the daily average of about 30 people have been infected with HIV. In the case reports, we read through a few keywords severe AIDS epidemic in Guangxi, as well as government commitment to tackling anti-aids.
Key words a
Diffuse popular Liuzhou, Nanning, Qinzhou the number of reports among the top
Guangxi, the first reported in 1996 from the local people living with HIV, as of October 31, 2009, the cumulative reported number of HIV infected individuals and patients with a total of 51,877 cases, of which 13,516 cases of AIDS patients, deaths have been reported 6722 cases.
1 to October of this year, the region of new HIV infections reported 6315 cases, 3322 cases of AIDS patients, deaths have been reported 1463 cases, the daily average of about 30 people have been infected with HIV, the region reported in HIV-infected population and the number of patients The ratio is about one-thousandth.
Chen Jie, deputy director of regional AIDS Prevention Office introduced the AIDS epidemic in Guangxi is now very severe, showed diffuse popular region for all cities and counties have reported cases, but the popular strength of non-uniform. 14 city, Liuzhou (9667 cases), Nanning (7397 cases), Chow (5905 cases) the number of reports among the top. The county, district as the unit statistics, the total reported area of more than 2000 cases of Soul Mountain, luzhai, Liujiang, eight-step Zone.
At present, the reported cases more than 5 million people in the country has only two provinces of Yunnan and Guangxi, the District. The number of cases in Guangxi this year's report have more than in previous years, increased significantly. This year alone the number of newly reported cases accounted for a cumulative total number of cases over the years more than 10%.
Key words 2
Sexually transmitted up 60.9% of those infected contracted the disease because of
The increase in the number of cases illustrates the AIDS epidemic, the situation is critical. However, changes in transmission are the experts are most worried about the problem. Data show that the spread of AIDS in Guangxi has been changed by the drug spread of sexually transmitted mainly based, which means that the spread of disease is no longer confined to high-risk groups, but began to penetrate the general population at large, but also make the prevention and control has become more difficult.
According to statistics, Guangxi, sexual transmission of AIDS increased from 42.3% in 2006 to 2009 over 60%. 1 to October of this year, the region reported 6315 cases of HIV-infected persons, the proportion of heterosexual transmission accounted for 60.9%, injection drug use transmission accounts for 31.6%, homosexual transmission accounted for 0.8%.
Chen Jie said the increase in the proportion of sexually transmitted HIV epidemic in Guangxi in recent years, a major cause of rising. 10 years ago, Guangxi vast majority of people living with HIV infection due to injecting drug use, drug addicts, the first wave of the popular cause of the epidemic the main population, but also for the future spread of buried potential problems. This population as a source of infection, through an intermediary - the spread between the spouses, will lead the epidemic prevalence of sexually transmitted direction.
Key words 3
Come from behind in some areas was rapid growth in reported cases
The health sector statistics found that some areas of the original outbreak was not serious in recent years, reported cases of rapid growth, the region became incidence among the top areas. To Qinzhou, for example, five years ago, the local number of AIDS cases in the region is ranked 14 cities after a few of the. However, in just a few years time, Chow has become the region's number of reported cases in the third row of the city. Epidemic such as this fast-growing area also Hechi, guests and so on.
The incubation period of AIDS in 5 years, Guangxi has accumulated 10 years of HIV infected persons are entering the peak concentration of the disease stage, the number of patients reported rapid growth, and now a monthly average of new patients admitted to about 300. Moreover, in these AIDS, the vast majority of people did not know before the onset of his infection with AIDS. Therefore, the period from infection to disease incubation period, they become a potential source of infection.
Key words 4
Old infection, 20% of those infected over 50 years of age
In recent years, the AIDS epidemic in Guangxi have also shown a number of new features. The past focused on HIV-infected persons, aged 20 to 40 years old, mostly to young adults. The last two years, Guangxi infected persons over the age of 50 the number of reports increased year by year, and even senior citizens over the age of 70 infected. Now, over 50 years the number of infected persons already accounts for 20% of the total number of reports, 10% higher than the national average. It is understood that these old routes of infection are also infected with sexually-based.
In addition, the 2007 ~ 2009 MSM populations in Guangxi sentinel surveillance showed that HIV infection rates in this population from 0.8% to 2.8%. Experts predict that MSM populations in the future could become a population with high HIV prevalence. In pregnant women, the detection of the number of HIV-positive is also growing rate of infection of about one-thousandth.
Key words 5
AIDS treatment costs for free policies, Medicare reimbursement of a two-pronged
HIV infected persons in addition to endure great psychological pressure, after the onset of the high cost of treatment required is a heavy burden. Chen Jie said the introduction of a series of policies in recent years in reducing the burden of AIDS. The main anti-viral therapy by the State free of charge. Against the fungal infection occurred in Guangxi infected with a particularly high proportion of cases, this year the regional government of Guangxi decided to the characteristics of HIV infected persons to provide free anti-fungal treatment, covering Mazin mycosis, cryptococcal meningitis, oral and esophageal beads bacteria infections most likely to lead to the death of opportunistic infections.
Chen Jie introduction, AIDS is not an independent disease after onset of clinical manifestations varied. These anti-viral treatment can be outside of the health-care costs, the new rural cooperative medical system, etc. to be reimbursed. The health sector is also active in AIDS-affected families and children fight for a variety of social assistance.
Keywords 6
AIDS Prevention Government is determined to work into the job content of Guangxi Medical Reform
Nanning Zhao Yang, deputy director of AIDS Prevention told reporters that from 2005 to 2009, consecutive five-year World AIDS Day theme have been defined as "Stop AIDS, fulfill their commitments." This year's theme on this basis, but also highlighted the "rights, responsibility and implement it." This is in fact are stressed the Government's responsibilities in the fight against AIDS, called on the government to protect the public interest. Including those infected receive treatment and care of the interests of a more general public will not be HIV infected interests.
The Guangxi government in curbing AIDS, has done a lot of work. Now, there were altogether 10,918 cases of AIDS and 241 children in adult AIDS patients receiving free anti-virus treatment the state. 64 communities, methadone maintenance treatment clinics to treat patients total 18785 people. Of sex workers, MSM interventions have also been promoting the region.
Recently, the autonomous regional party committee, the Government agreed, the fight against AIDS has been included in our district medical and health system reform tasks, using the opportunity to carry out medical reform tackling AIDS Prevention Project, the ability to improve the basis for the fight against AIDS, so AIDS Prevention work into the community, grass-roots level. (Zhang Ruo-fan)
|
|
