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国务院部署八措施加强艾滋病防治
来源：金黔在线-贵州日报 2010年12月09日09:29
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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11月29日，国务院常务会议确定八项政策措施进一步加强艾滋病防治工作。
这八项政策措施是：扩大宣传教育覆盖面；扩大监测检测覆盖面，最大限度发现感染者；扩大预防母婴传播覆盖面，有效减少新生儿感染；扩大综合干预覆盖面，遏制艾滋病病毒传播；扩大抗病毒治疗覆盖面；加强血液安全管理，保障临床用血安全；加强对感染者和病人的关怀救助，落实受艾滋病影响儿童的福利保障政策；加强艾滋病防治队伍建设，促进科研和科技成果转化，提高防治能力和水平。
相关 链接
什么是艾滋病？
艾滋病的医学全称叫“获得性免疫缺陷综合征”，英文简称为“AIDS”，“艾滋”是其英文名称缩写AIDS的译音，是人类免疫缺陷病毒(英文名称缩写HIV，又称艾滋病病毒)侵入人体后发生的一种逐渐降低人体免疫力的传染病。
艾滋病病毒(HIV)主要存在于人体的血液、精液、阴道分泌液、乳汁和伤口渗出液五体液中。任何能造成五种体液中一种或一种以上产生交换的行为均可能造成艾滋病病毒的传播。
什么是四免一关怀？
“四免”指的是：对农村居民和城镇未参加基本医疗保险等保障制度的经济困难人员中的艾滋病病人免费提供抗病毒药物；在全国范围内为自愿接受艾滋病咨询检测的人员免费提供咨询和初筛检测；为感染艾滋病病毒的孕妇提供免费母婴阻断药物及婴儿检测试剂；对艾滋病病人的孤儿免收上学费用。
“一关怀”指的是：将生活困难的艾滋病病人纳入政府救助范围，按照国家有关规定给予必要的生活救济。积极扶持有生产能力的艾滋病病人。避免对艾滋病感染者和病人的歧视。
传播途径
艾滋病的传播有三种途径：经血液途径传播、经性途径传播、经母婴传播。
经血液传播主要通过三种途径。注射吸毒：注射吸毒者之间共用注射器或注射器消毒不严。医源性感染：主要是指接受污染有HIV的血液、血制品、组织和器官。职业暴露：主要是医护人员、公安干警在行医或执行公务时，不慎被污染HIV的器具刺伤皮肤或粘膜，暴露于感染者／患者的体液而致感染。
经性途径传播：目前，经性接触传播是全球主要的传播途径，全球大约70%-80%感染者是通过性途径感染上HIV。
经母婴途径传播：感染HIV的孕／产妇，可以在怀孕、分娩、哺乳等环节将艾滋病病毒传染给胎儿／婴儿。应积极采取药物阻断、人工喂养等措施。
日常生活工作和共用公共设施不传播艾滋病，蚊虫叮咬不会传播艾滋病。来源金黔在线－贵州日报)
Deployment of eight measures to strengthen the State Council AIDS
Source: Jinqianzaixian - Guizhou Daily at 09:29 on December 9 2010
November 29, the State Council executive meeting eight policy measures to further strengthen AIDS prevention and treatment.
These eight policy measures are: to expand the coverage of public education; expand surveillance and testing coverage, the maximum found infected; expand PMTCT coverage, effective in reducing neonatal infection; to expand the coverage of comprehensive intervention to curb the spread of HIV; to expand antiretroviral therapy coverage; enhance blood safety management, protect the safety of blood for clinical use; enhance the care of patients infected and help to implement the welfare of children affected by AIDS protection policies; to strengthen AIDS prevention and control team building, promotion of research and technological achievements, to improve prevention and control capacity and level.
Related Links
What is AIDS?
Full name of AIDS medicine called "acquired immunodeficiency syndrome", the English referred to as "AIDS", "AIDS" AIDS is the abbreviation of the English transliteration of the name, is the human immunodeficiency virus (abbreviated to HIV, also known as the AIDS virus) invasive A human body gradually decreased after the human immune diseases.
AIDS virus (HIV) mainly in the body's blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk and wound exudate five fluids. Five kinds of body fluids can cause any one or more to the exchange of conduct may result in the spread of HIV.
What is the Four Frees and One Care?
"Four free" means: for rural residents and urban basic medical insurance did not participate in the economic difficulties of the security system in AIDS patients who provide free antiviral drugs; in the country for voluntary HIV counseling and testing to provide advice free of charge and the screening test; pregnant women infected with HIV PMTCT drugs and offer free baby detection kit; orphans of AIDS patients free of school fees.
"One Care" refers to: the difficulties of AIDS patients will live into the scope of government assistance, according to state regulations to give the necessary relief of life. Actively support a production capacity of AIDS patients. To avoid AIDS and discrimination of patients.
Transmission
The spread of AIDS in three ways: through blood transmission, through sexual transmission, mother to infant transmission.
Transmitted through blood in three principal ways. Injecting drug use: injection drug users sharing needles or syringes among strictly disinfected. Nosocomial infections: mainly refers to the acceptance of blood contaminated with HIV, blood products, tissues and organs. Occupational exposure: mainly health care workers, police or official duties in the practice of medicine, HIV-contaminated instruments accidentally stabbed the skin or mucous membrane exposure to HIV / Erzhi infected body fluids of patients.
Through sexual transmission: Currently, the sexual contact is the major route of transmission worldwide with approximately 70% -80% infection was infected through sexual HIV.
Through mother to child transmission of: HIV-infected pregnant / mothers, can be during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and other aspects of the AIDS virus to the fetus / baby. Should take active blocking drugs, artificial feeding and other measures.
Daily work and share common facilities, the spread of AIDS, mosquito bites do not spread AIDS. Source Jinqianzaixian - Guizhou Daily)
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