2010-07-05 10:48:58 来源：国际在线专稿 编辑：朱冀湘
国际在线专稿：据英国《卫报》7月5日报道，一些艾滋病专家日前呼吁艾滋病高发的非洲国家领导人带头禁欲一个月，以预防和减少艾滋病传播。
南非夸祖鲁纳塔尔大学流行病学家艾伦·怀特塞德和伦敦大学卫生和热带医学学院流行病专家贾斯汀·帕克赫斯特指出，艾滋病患者最有可能在自己被感染的一个月内传播病毒。而禁欲可以减少高达45%的新感染率，这将使南非、津巴布韦以及斯威士兰等艾滋病感染严重国家向前迈出一大步。
怀特塞德和帕克赫斯特的研究主要集中于与宗教有关的问题，比如在斋月期间禁欲的穆斯林、在逾越节期间禁欲的津巴布韦Marange教派成员等。联合国艾滋病规划署的数据显示，巴基斯坦、孟加拉国以及印度尼西亚等主要穆斯林国家，艾滋病的传染率只有0.2%。很多人此前将这些国家的低传染率归因于割礼取得的成就。但怀特塞德认为，穆斯林斋月期间禁欲、禁酒、禁同性恋以及婚外恋等，是艾滋病感染率低的一个原因。
而在基督教国家，南非的艾滋病感染率为18.1%(570万人)，津巴布韦比例差不多，但是在Marange教派中，其成员感染艾滋病的几率比周围人低很多。斯威士兰艾滋病感染率世界最高，达到26.1%。
怀特塞德认为，这份研究将为艾滋病高发国家提供一些指导，而且这种方法周期短、成本低下、容易监控。他还认为，连续一个月使用避孕套也很有效。斯威士兰预防艾滋病机构对这个主意表示欢迎，并将此看作打破艾滋病恶性循环的方法。怀特塞德表示，禁欲一个月不难实现，他呼吁非洲国家领导人带头施行。(李金良)
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Experts urge African leaders to take the lead in preventing the spread of AIDS a month of abstinence
2010-07-05 10:48:58 Source: International Online Zhuangao Editor: Zhu Jixiang
International online 专稿: The British "Guardian" reported on July 5, some AIDS experts has called on the high incidence of AIDS, leaders of African countries take the lead in a month of abstinence, to prevent and reduce HIV transmission.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and the University of London epidemiologist 艾伦怀特塞德 of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine epidemiologist 贾斯汀帕克 Hurst pointed out that AIDS patients are most likely to be infected in their own within a month spread the virus. The abstinence can reduce up to 45% of the new infection rate, which will in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Swaziland, AIDS-hit countries such as a significant step forward.
Whiteside and Parkhurst's research has focused on issues related to religion, such as abstinence during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, during the Passover Zimbabwe Marange ascetic sect members. UNAIDS data, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia and other major Muslim countries, AIDS infection rate of only 0.2%. Many of these countries had a low infection rate due to the achievements of circumcision. But Whiteside believes that abstinence during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, alcohol, to ban homosexuality and extramarital affairs, are a cause of AIDS infection rate.
In Christian countries, South Africa's HIV infection rate was 18.1% (570 million), Zimbabwe ratio of almost, but Marange sect, its members risk of HIV infection is much lower than those around them. Swaziland, the world's highest AIDS infection rate reached 26.1%.
Whiteside believes that this study will provide some high-prevalence countries, guidance, and this method a short cycle, low cost, easy to control. He also believed that the use of condoms for a month is also very effective. Swaziland AIDS organizations welcomed this idea, and this as a way to break the vicious cycle of AIDS. Whiteside said that abstinence is not difficult to realize a month, he called on African leaders took the lead. (International Tourism)
