艾滋病“手术难”源自疾病背后的道德指向
http://www.rednet.cn 2011/5/23 0:20:07 红网
近日，中国艾滋病病毒携带者联盟撰写的《关于解决我国艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人“手术难”问题建议》报告在京发布。报告显示，手术难是艾滋病感染者就医面临的最突出问题，在各级各类医院都有发生。（5月22日《京华时报》）
如果说普通百姓对艾滋病尚属于“无知”的话，那么，医生应该很清楚艾滋病的发病原因和传播方式，但为何还会出现“手术难”呢？我想，除了怕被传染以外，更有歧视和偏见在作祟.
或许一位心理学家的回答道出了实质：歧视不仅仅源自知识的缺乏，更源自疾病背后的道德指向。
我们的社会心理太容易给艾滋病贴上道德歧视的标签。一个人一旦被他人得知感染艾滋病，立刻就会遭到不检点的质疑。而这种歧视所带来的“病耻感”已成为歧视艾滋病的重要推手。因避讳“艾滋病”三字，北京某知名传染病医院“性病艾滋病门诊”，被更名为“皮肤病门诊”，其实根本不看皮肤病；而曾经高调试营业的大理男同性恋酒吧，也在舆论的下压力下未能正式开张。
这种带有道德成分的歧视，极大地延误了艾滋病的防治。由于歧视，许多高危性行为者不愿意接受病毒检测，致使60%的患者未被发现，这无疑增加了艾滋病毒的传播风险；由于歧视，许多艾滋病病毒感染者生活苦难，而一旦失去生活来源，部分人极易从事传播艾滋病的职业；同样，由于歧视，某非定点医院2009年1季度~3季度术前检测发现感染者28例，其中21例可查到病历，其中6例实施了手术，15例未实施手术。
因此，清除歧视，不仅要在科学上普及艾滋病的防治知识，更要从道德层面为艾滋病“驱魅”。正如美国作家苏珊·桑塔格在其《艾滋病及其隐喻》一书中所言：“对于艾滋病带来如此多的犯罪感和耻辱感来说，使其从意义、从隐喻中剥离出来，似乎特别具有解放作用，甚至是抚慰作用。”
无论是从保障人权的角度出发，还是遏制艾滋病蔓延的层面考虑，消除艾滋病的道德歧视都是重要的前提。当关爱取代歧视，当温暖驱走孤独，艾滋病毒感染者收获的是尊严，社会获得的则是文明和进步。
[稿源：红网]
[作者：贾林阳]
[编辑：洪涛三]
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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AIDS "difficult operation" from the moral point behind diseases
Red Net http://www.rednet.cn 2011/5/23 0:20:07
Recently, the League of HIV carriers in China's "on the settlement of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients" operation difficult "issue recommendations" report released in Beijing. The report shows that surgery is difficult to HIV medical treatment of the most prominent problems are occurring in all kinds of hospitals. (May 22, "Beijing Times")
If AIDS is still ordinary people are "ignorant", then, the doctor should be very clear that the incidence of AIDS causes and modes of transmission, but why would a "difficult operation" mean? I think, in addition to fear of infection outside the more discrimination and prejudice at work.
Perhaps a psychologist, tells the real answer: discrimination not only from lack of knowledge, but also from the moral point behind the disease.
We too easily to the social psychology of moral discrimination against AIDS labels affixed. Once a person is infected with HIV to others that will immediately challenge was not indecent. And this discrimination to give the "stigma" has become a major force behind discrimination against AIDS. Because of taboo "AIDS," the words, a well-known Beijing Hospital for Infectious Diseases "STD and AIDS clinic" was renamed "skin clinics", in fact, do not look at skin; and have high turnover, the marble debugging gay bar, but also public opinion The next pressure has not been formally opened.
Discrimination with a moral component that greatly delay the fight against AIDS. Because of discrimination, many high-risk sexual behavior are not willing to accept the virus, resulting in 60% of patients undetected, it will increase the risk of transmission of HIV; the discrimination that many HIV infected people suffering life, and once lost sources of livelihood, easy to some people in the occupational transmission of HIV; Similarly, the discrimination of a non-designated hospitals in 2009 Q1 ~ Q3 infection detected before surgery in 28 cases, including medical records can be found in 21 cases, 6 cases of implementation of the operation, 15 patients without the surgery.
Therefore, the removal of discrimination, not only in the scientific knowledge of universal access to AIDS prevention, but also from the moral dimensions of the AIDS "drive charm." As the American writer Susan Sontag, in its "AIDS and Its Metaphors," a book put it: "AIDS has brought so much for the guilt and shame for it from meaning, spun off from the metaphor, seem to be particularly liberating effect, and even soothing effect. "
Whether from the perspective of human rights protection, or to contain the aspects of the spread of AIDS, elimination of discrimination against AIDS is an important prerequisite for morality. When love replaces discrimination, when the warm drive away loneliness, HIV infection is the dignity of the harvest, social get is civilization and progress.
[Manuscripts: Red Net]
[Author: Jialin Yang]
[Editor: Tao c]
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