|
亚洲城市联合应对男男性行为及跨性别人群中上升的艾滋病感染率
来源:中国经营网 时间： 2010-12-14 16:32 作者：徐聪
 |
| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
| |
|
|
|
 |
| |
作为对这一挑战的回应，男男性行为和跨性别人群多城市艾滋病倡议行动计划会议将汇集当地政府卫生部门、公民社会和国际伙伴的关键成员，共同审视当前的流行趋势、讨论一项多城市研究的主要结果以检验相关城市的应对并提出优先的共同行动领域。 2010年12月10日，香港—— 当世界很多国家的艾滋病流行正趋于稳定，亚洲主要城市中男男性行为和跨性别人群中的艾滋病感染率持续处于极高水平，并在一些城市有所增长。令人担心的是，如果各国未能加强城市一级的应对，情况可能恶化并导致国家防治艾滋病进程的潜在逆转。
联合国艾滋病规划署2010年关于全球艾滋病流行的最新报告记录了该地区各国若干地理区域内男男性行为者和跨性别人群中的高艾滋病感染率。例如，缅甸局部地区为29%，印度尼西亚为5%，印度南部局部地区为7%到18%之间。
增加针对这些关键受影响人群的项目和资金的努力已经取得了进展，但是城市男男性行为和跨性别人群获得这些干预的比例仍低。根据联合国开发计划署(UNDP)最近完成的一份报告，亚洲地区各国报告的艾滋病服务覆盖率显示仅有9%到20%的男男性行为者能获得艾滋病预防服务，远远未能达到艾滋病预防、治疗、关怀和支持普遍可及的目标。
作为对这一挑战的回应，男男性行为和跨性别人群多城市艾滋病倡议行动计划会议将汇集当地政府卫生部门、公民社会和国际伙伴的关键成员，共同审视当前的流行趋势、讨论一项多城市研究的主要结果以检验相关城市的应对并提出优先的共同行动领域。总的来说，参与者旨在通过加强一系列创新性的策略，为男男性行为和跨性别人群推广城市水平的健康和以权利为基础的服务。
“我们知道男男性行为和跨性别人群中的艾滋病流行在城市一级最为集中——所以从这一点集中努力将给我们最好的机会去扭转男男性行为和跨性别人群中的艾滋病流行趋势。”联合国艾滋病规划署亚太区主任Steve Kraus说。
“成都将继续确保每个艾滋病病毒感染者得到公正、平等的待遇，并将继续研究更有效的方法在最高危人群中开展干预。”成都市卫生局疾控处处长贾勇说。他表示在国际组织的支持下有信心一定能在将来取得更大的成功。
作为对区域内多城市男男性行为与艾滋病行动的支持，联合国开发计划署和美国国际开发署支持在马尼拉、曼谷、雅加达、仰光、胡志明市和成都开展一项对于城市水平应对的研究。研究强调了革新性的应对措施，并着重指出以城市为基础的应对将对控制男男性行为和跨性别人群中的艾滋病流行产生最大的效果。
该研究亦确认惩戒性法律和政策、选择性执法的做法、卫生及执法人员之间缺乏协调的现实持续阻碍着防治进程。总之，这些挑战通常阻碍创新、限制投资并妨碍扩展。
“限制性的法律环境和选择性执法的做法持续成为有效的、以权利为基础的应对的显著阻碍。因此，创造性地吸引城市政府和执法机构的方案需要被纳入艾滋病应对的下一个阶段。”联合国开发计划署亚太区艾滋病实践指导Clifton Cortez说。
根据报告，研究中概括的该地区预防和健康关怀服务的创新方法包括：
信息通讯技术(ICT) ——互联网、新的移动和手持技术用来增加男男性行为和跨性别人群中艾滋病服务的可及性。
私营部门、公民社会、学术界和政府机构之间新的合作关系为不断增加的服务提供更多机会，并为艾滋病卫生服务开发新的途径和改善现有服务
市级政府的协调和领导将实现合作和扩大跨领域服务的最大化，以支持非医疗环境中的自愿检测和咨询服务实践
医院和诊所为男男性行为和跨性别人群在服务设计上进行创新，改善服务提供
“亚洲特大城市的男男性行为人群中艾滋病病毒感染新发例数正在危险地迅速上升，需要采取紧急行动将已有的创新性的项目和方法加以扩展。”美国国际开发署亚洲区发展代表团高级区域艾滋病技术顾问Cameron Wolf说。
参与城市是东南亚具代表性的中心城市，筛选标准包括人口规模、男男性行为者和跨性别人群中的艾滋病感染率和/或政府及公民社会的应对。由于在男性性行为人群艾滋病应对中强有力的跨领域合作关系，香港和新加坡被定为区域内进程的主办和资源城市。
男男性行为和跨性别人群多城市艾滋病倡议由美国国际开发署亚洲区发展代表团、联合国开发计划署、联合国艾滋病规划署、世界卫生组织、亚太男性性健康联盟和亚太艾滋病感染者网络支持。本次会议由香港卫生署主办。
Joint response to Asian cities MSM and transgender people in HIV infection rates rising
Source: China Business Network Time: 2010-12-14 16:32 of: Cong Xu
As a response to this challenge, MSM and transgender people AIDS Initiative multi-city planning meeting will bring together local government health departments, civil society and international partners, key members of the joint overview of the current fashion trends, to discuss a multi-city key findings related to the city to test the response and proposed priority areas of common action. December 10, 2010, Hong Kong - when the world AIDS epidemic in many countries are stabilizing, the major cities in Asia, MSM and transgender people in HIV infection rates continue at high levels, and in some cities have growth. What is worrying is that if countries fail to strengthen the response to the city level, the situation may worsen and lead to a potential national AIDS reversed the process.
UNAIDS on the global AIDS epidemic 2010, the latest report documents a number of countries in the region within the geographic area MSM and transgender people in the high HIV infection rates. For example, 29% in some areas of Myanmar, Indonesia, 5%, some areas in southern India is 7% to 18%.
Increase the affected people for these key projects and funding efforts have made progress, but the city of MSM and transgender people to obtain the ratio of these interventions is still low. According to United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) recently completed a report on AIDS in Asian countries reported coverage of services show that only 9% to 20% of MSM have access to HIV prevention services, fallen far short of AIDS prevention , treatment, care and support universal access goals.
As a response to this challenge, MSM and transgender people AIDS Initiative multi-city planning meeting will bring together local government health departments, civil society and international partners, key members of the joint overview of the current fashion trends, to discuss a multi-city key findings related to the city to test the response and proposed priority areas of common action. Overall, participants aims to enhance a range of innovative strategies for MSM and transgender population level to promote the health of the city and rights-based services.
"We know the MSM and transgender people in the AIDS epidemic is most concentrated at the municipal level - so from that point focused on efforts to give us the best chance to reverse the MSM and transgender population trends in the AIDS epidemic. "Asia-Pacific director of UNAIDS, said Steve Kraus.
"Chengdu will continue to ensure that every HIV-infected persons receive fair and equal treatment, and will continue to explore more effective ways to carry out high-risk groups in the intervention." Chengdu Health Bureau, the Director of Disease Control, said Jia Yong. He said the support of international organizations are confident will be able to achieve greater success in the future.
As many cities within the region and the AIDS Action MSM support, United Nations Development Programme and the United States Agency for International Development support in Manila, Bangkok, Jakarta, Yangon, Ho Chi Minh City and Chengdu levels should carry out a study for the city. Study emphasizes the innovative responses, and stressed that the response to urban-based control MSM will and transgender populations have the greatest effect of the AIDS epidemic.
The study also confirmed that disciplinary law and policy, the practice of selective enforcement, health and lack of coordination between law enforcement officers continued to impede the reality of control process. Together, these challenges often stifle innovation, limit investment and prevent expansion.
"Restrictive legal environment and the practice of selective enforcement continue to be effective, rights-based response to the significant obstacles. Therefore, the creative agencies to attract the city government and law enforcement programs need to be incorporated into the next phase of the AIDS response." UNDP Asia-Pacific AIDS practice guidelines Clifton Cortez said.
According to the report, outlined the area of prevention and health care services in innovative ways, including:
Information and communication technology (ICT) - the Internet, the new mobile and handheld technology to increase the MSM and transgender people in the AIDS services accessibility.
The private sector, civil society, academia and government agencies for the new relationship between the increasing service to provide more opportunities and health services for AIDS to develop new approaches and improve existing services
Coordination and leadership of the municipal government will implement and expand cooperation to maximize the cross-cutting services to support the non-medical environment in the practice of voluntary testing and counseling services
Hospitals and clinics for men with men and transgender people in the service design, innovation, improved service delivery
"Asian mega-cities of MSM in the HIV risk of emerging number of cases is rising rapidly, you need to take urgent action to existing innovative projects and methods to be extended." United States Agency for International Development Mission Asia Development Senior Regional AIDS technical adviser Cameron Wolf said.
Representative in the city is the center of the city in Southeast Asia, the screening criteria, including population size, MSM and transgender people in HIV infection and / or government and civil society response. Because of AIDS in the male sexual response to a strong cross-cutting relationship in Hong Kong and Singapore are scheduled to host the regional processes and resources within the city.
MSM and transgender population and more urban AIDS initiatives by the United States Agency for International Development Mission Asia Development, UNDP, UNAIDS, the World Health Organization, the Asia-Pacific Coalition on Male Sexual Health and HIV Network Asia Pacific support. The meeting organized by the Hong Kong Department of Health.
|
