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眼泪是艾滋病病毒新“据点”
2011年09月08日08:27来源：健康报
本报讯 （特约记者段文利）北京协和医院感染内科李太生教授等经过长达6年研究，在国际上率先报道称，长期接受鸡尾酒治疗后血液中艾滋病病毒（HIV）已呈阴性的艾滋病患者，其泪液中仍有较高的HIV病毒载量。研究结果提示，泪腺、泪液及相关的组织、器官很可能是HIV病毒的新“据点”。该研究相关论文近日发表在国际著名的《艾滋病》杂志上，引起国际上广泛关注。
据介绍，2005年，北京协和医院感染内科、眼科专家首先发现在艾滋病患者的眼部前房水中存有HIV病毒载量。因不清楚房水和泪液的区别，部分媒体在当年报道中曾出现“泪液中发现艾滋病病毒”的提法。但这一误报却引发艾滋病专家新的思考：经成功的鸡尾酒治疗后，艾滋病患者在血液HIV呈阴性的情况下，泪液中究竟有没有HIV病毒载量？沿着这一思路，李太生等进行了国际上首个针对艾滋病患者泪液中HIV病毒载量的定量分析。
李太生等以16名长期接受鸡尾酒治疗、外周血HIV病毒呈阴性的艾滋病患者为研究组，2名新诊断但未经治疗、3名治疗后产生耐药的患者为对照组展开研究。在艾滋病专科护士的协助及21位患者知情同意和配合下，研究人员非常艰难地取到了每位患者1毫升以上的泪液，用国际上通用的病毒载量检测、聚合酶链式反应（PCR）等多种方法，选取4个不同的基因点位同时开展检测，结果发现，研究组和对照组泪液中的HIV病毒载量无差异，为200拷贝/毫升~20000拷贝/毫升，远高于正常值（50拷贝/毫升以下）。
这一发现提示，除了CD4阳性的T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞等已发现的艾滋病病毒“储藏库”，泪腺、泪液及相关的组织、器官很可能是HIV病毒的新“据点”，HIV极可能通过泪液发生传染。李太生提醒医护人员，在对HIV阳性患者进行眼部检查或手术时要加强防护、谨慎处理。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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Tears is HIV new "base"
At 8:27 on September 8, 2011 Source: Health News
WASHINGTON (special correspondent segment Manley) Beijing Union Medical College Hospital of Infectious Diseases Professor Li Taisheng, etc. After six years of research, the world's first reported that long-term treatment after receiving a cocktail of HIV in the blood (HIV) has shown a negative AIDS , the tears still high HIV viral load. The results suggest that the lacrimal gland, tear and associated tissues and organs is likely to be HIV-new "base." The research-related papers recently published in the internationally renowned "AIDS" magazine, causing widespread international concern.
According to reports, in 2005, Beijing Union Medical College Hospital of Infectious Diseases, ophthalmologists first discovered in the anterior chamber of the eye in patients with AIDS HIV viral load in the water there. Unclear due to the difference between aqueous and tear, some media reports in the year there have been "tear found in HIV," the reference. However, false positives are caused by AIDS experts that the new thinking: The successful cocktail treatment, HIV-negative patients with HIV in the blood situation, whether there are tears in HIV viral load? Along those lines, Li Taisheng, etc. International's first tear for AIDS patients in the HIV viral load quantitative analysis.
Li Taisheng and other cocktails with 16 receiving long-term treatment, peripheral blood of HIV-negative AIDS patients for the study group, two newly diagnosed but untreated, three drug resistance in patients after treatment for the control group a study. The help of specialist nurses in AIDS and 21 patients with informed consent and under very difficult to get researchers to more than 1 ml per patient tear, with the international common viral load testing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) other methods, four different genes selected point while carrying out inspection and found that the study group and control group in tears no difference in HIV viral load, 200 copies / ml to 20,000 copies / ml, far higher than normal value (50 copies / ml or less).
The findings suggest that in addition to CD4-positive T-lymphocytes, macrophages have been found in HIV, "vault", the lacrimal gland, tear and associated tissues and organs is likely to be HIV-new "base", HIV is likely to infection occurs through the tears. Li Taisheng to remind health care workers, HIV-positive patients in the eye examination or surgery to strengthen the protection, careful handling.
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